THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF x^ATURAL HISTORY, INCLVDIXG ] 1. ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, and GEOLOGY. (being a COXTI.SUATIOX of the 'AXSALs' C0>IBISED with LOtJDON A.ND CIIAKLKSWOBTIl's ' MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY.') CONDUCTED BY WILLLIM CARRUTHERS, Ph.D., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A., Sc.D., F.R.S., F.Z.S., AND \VILLL\M FRANCIS, F.L.S. VOL. XL— EIGHTH SERIES. LONDON: PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS. SOLD BY SnrPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, AND CO., LD. ; BAILLIEBK, PARIS : HODGKS, FIGGIS, AND CO., DUBLIN : AND ASHER, BERLIN. 1913. •'Omues res creata sunt divinee sapientias et potentiic testes, divitite felicitatis huniana) : — ex bariim usu honitas Creatoris ; ex pulcbritudine sapientia Domini ; ex oeconomia iu conservatione, proportione, renoTatione, potcntia iiiajestatis elucet. Eariiin itaque indagatio ab boiiiinibus sibi relictis semper astiiuata ; a vere eniditis et sapientibiis semper exeulta ; male doetis et barbaris semper iuimica fuit." — Li.nn^us. " Quel que soit le priueipe de la vie animale, il ne faut qu'ouvrir les yeux pour voir qu'elle est le cbef-d'eeuvre de la Toute-puissance, et le but auquel se rappor- tent toutes ses operations." — Bkuckneii, Thiorie du Systeme Animal, Leyden, 1767. Tbe sylvan powers Obey our summons ; from tbeir deepest dells The Dryads come, and throw their garlands wild And odorous branches at our feet ; the Xymphs That press with nhnble stejj the niomitain-thynie And purple heath-flower come not empty-handed, But scatter round ten thousand forms minute Of velvtt moss or lichen, torn from rock Or rifted oak or cavern deep : the Xaiads too Quit their loved native stream, from whose smooth face They crop the lily, and each sedge and rush That drinks the rippling tide : the frozen poles, Where peril waits the bold adventurer's tread, The burning sands of Borneo and Cayenne, All, all to us unlock their secret stores And pay their cheerful tribute. J. T.WLOR, Korti'ich, 1818. >- CONTENTS OF VOL. XI, [EIGHTH SERIES.] NUMBER 61. Page I. New Species of Heterocera from Costa Rica. — XIX. By W. ScHAUS, F.Z.S 1 IT. New Species of Diploptera in the Collection of the British Museum, ^y Geoffuey Meaue-Waldo, M.A 44 III. Descriptions and Records of Bees. — XLVIII. By T. D. A. CocKERELL, tjmversity of Colorado .54 IV. On some Features of the Structure of the Tlierocephalian Skull. By D. M. S. Watson, M.Sc 65 V. Two new Australian Mammals. By Oldfield Thomas .... 79 V^I. Raia undnlata, Lacep., and its Distribution on the British Coasts. By C. Tate Regan, M.A. (Plate 1.) 80 VII. Notes from the Gattv Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews. — No. XXXIV. By Prof. M'Intosh, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., &c. (Plates II. & lU.) , 83 VIII. On some rare Amazonian Mammals from the Collection of the Para Museum. By Oldfield Thomas 130 IX. On small Mammals collected in Jujuy by Senor E. Budin. By Oldfield Thomas 136 X. On some Specimens of Glauconycteris from the Cameroons. By Oldfield Thomas 144 XI. A new Oribi from the Galla Country to the North of Lake Rudolf. By Gilbert Blaine 146 XII. A Revision of the Asilidce of Australasia. By GEiiTRfDE Ricardo 147 iy CONTENTS. Pago XIII. A new Galago from German East Africa. By Dr. Einar Lil^NXBEBG, F.M.Z.S. &c ^^' Ketc Book .—Index Zoologicus No. II. An Alphabetical List of Names of Genera and Subgenera proposed for Use in Zoology, as recorded in the ' Zoological Record,' vols. 38-47 inclusive (1901-1910), and the Zoologv Volumes of the ' International Catalogue of Scientitic Literature,' Annual Issues 1-10, together ■with other Names not included in previous Nomenclators. Compiled (for the Zoological Society of London) by Charles Oaven WATERHorsE, I.S.O., and edited by David Sharp, M.A., F.R.S., Editor of the ' Zoological Record ' 1G8 NUMBER 62. XTV. The Osteology and Classification of the Teleostean Fishes of the Order Scleroparei. By C. Tate Regan, M.A 169 XV. De.«criptions and Records of Bees. — LXIX. By T. D. A, CocKERELL, University of Colorado 185 XVI. Descriptions of New Zealand Species of Pselcqjhidce from Dr. Sharp's Collection in the British Museum, By Major T. Broun, F.E.S 196 XVII. On the Systematic Position of the Coleopterous Genus Lemodes (Heteromera), with Notes on some Allied Genera. By K. G. Beair, B.Sc., F.E.S 207 XVIII. Notes on S. American Leporidfe. By Oedfield Thomas. 209 XIX. Four new Shrews, By Oldfield Thomas 214 XX. Descriptions of Fifteen new Species and Varieties of Marine Shells from the Falkland Islands. Bv H. B, Preston, F.Z.S. (Plate IV.) 218 XXI. On new Species of Indian Curcrdionida. — Part I. By Guy a. Marshall 224 XXII. Descriptions of Two new Fishes from Paranagua, Brazil, presented to the British Museum by Herr A, Rachow. By C. Tate Regan, M.A 231 XXIII. The Pceciliid Fishes of the Genus Jenynsin. By C. Tate Regan, M.A 232 XXIV. New Species of Hetei'ocera from Costa Rica. — XX. Bv "\V. ScHAUS, F.Z.S '.234 XXV. Note on Helix rufescens of Pennant. By E, A. Smith, I.S.0 .' 263 CONTENTS. V XX\'I. New Local Races of Bij^( lame from Central and Western Africa, liy Ednst Schwauz 2field Thomas 4C4 XLVII. A Revision of the Asilidce of Australasia. By Gertrude Ricabdo 409 XLVIII. On Aporemodon, a remarkable new Pulmonate Genus. By G. C. RoBsoN, B.A., British Museum (Natural History) 426 Helix rufescens, Pennant, by A. S. Kennard and B. B. Woodward. . 428 NUMBER 65. XLIX, A Revision of the ^s/7«argin obliqne ; vein 2 from near n)iddle of cell ; li before lower angle ; 4 and 5 from lower angle ; 6 from near upper angle; a minute areole ; vein 7 from end, 8, 9, 10 stallved from end. Hind wings : cell short ; veins 3 and -i stalked ; 5 from near lower angle ; 6 from close to upper angle. Type of genus, Mastixis chloe, Schs. Mastixis chloe, sp. n. (J, Body above brownish grey, underneath white irrorated with brownish grey. Fore wings brownish grey ; ante- medial outbent on costa, fuscous, otherwise dark brown, finer, wavy, vertical ; orbicular small, yellowish, finely circled with dark brown ; reniform crescent-shaped, yellowish and reddish brown, edged with dark brown, above it an outbent fuscous line on costa, and traces of a tine brownish line from below it to inner margin ; outer line straight, broad, yellowish white, inwardly edged by a very fine dark brown line and outwardly by a brown shade ; snbterminal fuscous spots towards apex ; a terminal black line interrupted by veins. Hind wings whitish, the outer margin broadly biownisli grey, inwardly limited by an outer line as on fore vving, but crossed by a whitish shade between veins 5 and 6 ; the outer line angled near tornus and followed by a pale subterminal line; some brownish-grey shading from cell to inner margin, and a postmedial fuscous shade towards inner margin. Hind wings below whitish irrorated witii brown, and with faint medial, postmedial, and subterminal lines; all interrupted by a clear white streak above vein 5 from cell to termeu ; black discal spots on wings. Expanse 23 mm. Hab. Juan Vinas. Near M. lineata, Schs. Heterocera from Costa liica. 9 Mastitis poasalisj sp. n. c? . Palpi outwardly, head, collar, and thorax dark brown. Abdomen luscous. Fore wings dark brown, somewhat j)alcr between postmedial and subtenninal lines from vein 5 to inner margin; anteniedial line fine, pale brown, outcurved across median, outbent from fold, outwardly dark-edged; orbicular small, fuscous brown; a white line on discocellular ; postn;ediaI fine, light brown, inwardly dark-edged, abnost vertical to vein 4, then slightly incurved ; subterminal in- distinct, sinuous, with short pale streaks on veins; a terminal black line, liind wings brownish grey ; faint postfuedial and subierminal lines, the latter pale-edged ; a black termitjal line. Fore wings below fuscous ; a faint postmedial line and dark subterminal shade on costa. Hind wings below whitish irrorated with grey-brown; a black discal spot; a fine postmedial line and subterminal shade; terminal black line partly interrupted. Female brighter brown, the lines fuscous, a darker medial shade ; orbicular with a white point ; reniform consisting of four or five white spots. Expanse, c? 23-1^7, ? 25 ram. Hab. Poas, Turrialba. j\Iasiij:is turrialhensis, sp. n. $ . Palpi buff thickly irrorated with dark dull brown. Head dark dull brown. Collar and thorax biifF-brown, irro- rated with dark brown and black. Abdomen dull brown. Fore wings dull brown irrorated with dark brown, the lines black-brown, fine; a coarse line at base; anteniedial line outbent to orbicular, incurved below cell, outbent on inner margin, preceded by a pale shade irrorated with ochreous ; orbicular dark-edged, containing ochreous scales; reniform black-biown, crossed by a whitish and ochreous line; post- medial slightly inbent, lunular below vein 3 ; subterminal pale, indistinct, inset opposite cell, outwardly shaded with black, chiefly between veins 7 and 6, 4 and 3, and 2 and sub- median; terminal semilunar black spots. Hind wings dull brownish grey, the costa whitish; a faint discal spot and postmedial line; a terminal dark line. Fore wings below greyish, shaded with buff on costa ; a fine postmedial line on costal margin and large subterminal fuscous shade. Hind wings below greyish while, darkly irrorated; a dark discal spot ; a dentate postmedial line; a subterminal shade, crossed b}' a thick fuscous line on fold. Expanse 32 mm. Hab. Turrialba. 10 Mr. W. Seliaii3 oi ~ PaltJds ceacah's, sp. n, ($ . Body greyish brown ; abdomen with darker brown segmental lines and pale dorsal points. Fore wings lilacine brown ; anteniedial line fine, oiitcurved from subcostal, followed on costa by a pale oblique streak, and dark brown shade suffusing in cell with orbicular, which is small, fuscous, containing some light brown scales ; a pale streak along median to postmedial line ; reniform crescent- shaped, liglit brown edged with black ; a broad fuscous shade b^low it to inner margin; postmedial fine, fuscous, incurved on costa and outbent to vein 4, then sharply incurved, and outangled on submedian, followed by a faint pale siiade ; a subterminal fuscous line from costa to termen at vein 4, inwardly shaded with light brown and outwardly with dark brown, which does not reach apex ; a terminal dark line. Hind wings some- what truncated at anal angle, fuscous grey; a terminal dark line and a tuscous shade at vein 2, cut by a short, subterminal, light brown line. Wings below brownish grey ; fore wings with pale postmedial and subterminal lines on costal space; hind wings with fuscous discal spot, a postmedial line angled at vein 2, and a subterminal shade. Expanse 18 mm. Bab. Juan Vinas, Carillo, Esperanza. Kear P. asopialis, Gn., but easily separated by the sub- terminal line. Palthis eubcealis, sp. n. ^ . Body brownish grey, the palpi greyer ; small dorsal whitish spots on abdomen. Fore wings brownish grey faintly tinged with lilacine; antemedial line darker, out- curved, indistinct, followed by a faintly paler streak on costa and a fuscous line ; orbicular a black point ; reniform a light brown crescent inwardly edged with black, outwardly fol- lowed by a small black spot; a pale buff streak along median vein and a dark shade inbent from below reniform to inner margin ; postmedial outbent and straight on costa, very fine, dark grey, followed by a pale buff shade, incurved from vein 4 and dentate on veins ; subterminal very fine, scarcelj- darker, but inwardly shaded with whitish grey from costa to near termen at vein 3 ; a terminal fuscous line ; cilia fuscous, with a pale line at base. Hind wings angled at vein 2, fuscous brown, darkest along termen ; a terminal dark line and fuscous shade at vein 2. Fore wings below fuscous grey, . whitish on inner margin ; traces of the pale lines on costa. Ileterocei-a from Costa Rica. 11 Hind wings below whitish irrorated with fuscous brown; a fuscous discal streak, the tcrnien dark-shaded. Expanse 21 uiiu. IJab. Teraha. Is' ear F. ceacalis, Schs. ; easily distinguished bj the straight postuiedial line on custa. Palthis suhmavginata, sp. n. ^ . Palpi outwardly, head, collar, and thorax dark lichen- grey. Abdonien grey thickly irrorated with purple. Foxq wings yellowish brown shaded with purple; a fuscous spot at base; a curved anteniediul shade, reddish brown below cell, not reaching subniedian ; a fuscous geminate medial line, ^lled in with reddish brown, darkest below cell, inbent and expanding towards base below subinedian ; an oblique dark line on discocellular shaded with yellow-brown; post- medial diffuse, fuscous, angled at vein 6, terminating at tornus; a wavy marginal black line from apex to vein 4, preceded by a yellowish shade between 4 and 6. Hind wings whitish ; a brown shade from near base below cell expanding to subtermiual ; inner margin and tornus shaded with fuscous ; ternieu from vein 2 to apex dark reddish brown, preceded by a geminate paler brown shade separated by luscous-grey scaling, and inwardly shaded with black. Fore wings below fuscous ; costa on terminal third orange ; outer margin and apex yellow, crossed by a subterminal fuscous shade ; inner margin white. Hind wings below white ; apex and outer margin to vein 2 orange-yellow, preceded by a fuscous shade. I'emale : Head and thorax lilacine brown, crossed by two black lines dorsally. Abdomen brownish yellow, with fine black segmental lines. Fore wings yellow-brown tinged with lilacine, the lines fine, fuscous on anterior half, dark purple-red on posterior half ; a subbasal line ; an anteinedial and a medial line, inbent, parallel ; outer line outangled on vein 6, inajigled at vein '6 below the reddisii-browu disco- cellular line, then outcurved ; a faint subterminal line ; a terminal dark brown line. Hind wings whitish yellow ; a yellow-brown shade below cell expanding to termen and crossed between veins 2 and 5 by a dark outer, subterminal, and terminal line, the latter extending to apex. Wings below yellowish, darkest terminally, with faint outer and suu- termmal lines; some fuscous shading through cell on fore wiiiiis. 12 Mr. W. Schaus on Expanse, cJ 23 mm., ? 25 mm. JIab. Tuis, kSixola. Tlie (J type is from Surinam. The palpi of i'emale are unusually long. Palthis lineata, sp. n. (^ . Body and wings greyish brown. Fore wings : ante- medial line angled on costa, medial straighter, both dark brown and suHusing on inner margin ; the antemedial suf- fusing in cell with orbicular ; renifoim dark velvety brown, linear, cut by a whitish shade which extends to subterminal ; postmedial very fine and indistinct, pale-edged and slightly outcurved ; subterminal wavy, whitish ; a daik terminal line; the inner margin is lobed just before middle. Hind wings : costal margin whitish to outer line ; a faint discal spot ; postmedial line not reaching costa; outer line outwardly edged by a pale line. Wings below whitish thickly irrorated with grey-brown, darkest before the subterminal white line; a fuscous streak through cell of fore wing; a discal point and postmedial line on hind wings. Female very similar to male : fore wings not lobed, the lines tiner, more distinct ; the antemedial and medial further apart, incurved, and not sufi'using ; the postmedial well marked; the white subterminal preceded by a fuscous shade. Hind wings: the postmedial line reaches costal margin. Expanse, ^ 20, ? 25 mm. Hab. Poas, Cartago, Laguna. Palthis Meronymus, sp. n. ? . Body and fore Mings buff-white, thinly irrorated witli brown ; abdomen with a black dorsal patch just beyond middle. Fore wings : costa and termen shaded with lilacine brown ; antemedial very tine and indistinct, wavy, outangled in cell, marked by two fuscous spots on costa ; a black point at either end of discocellular, narrowly surrounded by yellow- brown scaling, preceded by a fine black line which expands below cell to inner margin at middle, being heavily shaded with fuscous outwardly ; postmedial very tine, somewhat punctiform, outangled on costa, inbent, sinuous, limiting medial shade below vein 2 ; subterminal sinuous, detined by a broad pale brown shading inwardly and a fine fuscous line outwardly; a terminal black line; a black spot at apex. Hind wings whitish, with a few scattered dark scales; the termen dull lilacine brown ; traces of postmedial and sub- terminal lines. Fore wings below shaded with fuscous grey. Heterocera from Costa Rica. 13 Hind wings below buff-white, more thickly irrorated with fupcnus brown ; a black discal spot and smaller spots on post- medial and subteiininal below vein G. Expan«;e !!:> nun. Hab. San Gerouimo. GiRTESMA, gen. nov. Male. — Antennse pubescent, ciliate. Palpi flat, outwardly clothed with spatulate scales, the second joint upcuived, the third bent back, barely reacliing thorax. Legs smoothly scaled. Fore wings large, apex, acute, the termen bluntly })roduced at vein 4 ; vein 3 from before lower angle ; 4 and 5 from lower angle ; 6 from below upper angle ; no areola ; 7 shortly stalked with 8 and U; 10 and 11 from cell. Hind wings ljri)ad, the outer margin angled at vein 2, the anal angle obtuse ; veins 3 and 4 on short stalk ; 5 from near lower angle ; 6 and 7 from upper angle. Type of genus, Girtesma messala, Schs. General appearance of Margiies, Dr., which has vein 10 stalked with 8 and 9. Girtesma messala, sp. n. (^ . Palpi browji, the scales partly opalescent. Head and collar brownish buff, with a few dark irrorations. Thorax, base of abdomen, and fore wings pale buff irrorated with dull brown ; abdomen otherwise brown above, with pale seg- mental lines. Fore wings : the scales partly curved at tips Mith a silvery reflection; costa shaded with brown ; ante- medial line brown, v^nvy, nearly vertical; traces of a brown medial shade ; postmedial line fine, slightly inbent below vein 5, followed by brown shading to the more heavily marked reddish-biown subterminal line, this shading crossed by an indistinct darker line; termen rather paler, irrorated with brown ; a marginal interrupted black line. Hind wings shaded with brownish grey ; postmedial line and line following it indistinct, the subteiininal indistinct except from veins 4-2, where it is reddish biown, aiigled at vein 2 and fuscous grey to inner margin, followed between 4 and 2 by a dark greyish line; marginal line as on fore wings; cilia brown. Wings below darker, dull fuscous brown, with an indistinct dark postmedial line. Expanse 37 mm. Hab. Juan Vinas. 14 Mi. W. Scliaus on Thursania, gen. nov. Male. — Antennae pubescent, ciliate ; a raised tuft on upper side of shaft just beyond middle. Palpi upcuvved, the third joint shorter than second, moderately scaled. Fore tarsi with tuft at base. Fore wings : vein 2 from just beyond middle of cell; 8 from before lower angle; 4 and 5 from lower angle; 6 from below upper angle; -7 from upper angle; 8, 9, 10 stalked from close to end of cell. Hind wings : veins 3 and 4 and 6 and 7 on short stalk; 5 from near lower angle. Type of genus, Thursania decocta, sp. n. Thursania decoct a, sp. n. ^ . Bodvand wings dull grey; abdomen darker^ with pale seo-mental lines. Wings faintly irrorated with whitish butf, markings fuscous; a fine medial shade; postmedial line fine, deeply and narrowly lunular ; an interrupted terminal line, thickened between veins ; a pale line at base of cilia and pale tipped. Fore wings: a fine antemedial lineoutbent on costa, vertical across cell, slightly outcurved below it ; orbicular a small point; reniform a Hue line; subtermiiial fine, whitish butf, preceded by a fuscous spot between veins 7 and 6, and inwardly edged with fuscous from vein 6 to inner margin. Hind wings: a fuscous discal spot; subterminal line edged on either side with fuscous, more heavily marked inwardly. Underneath paler, the markings similar, but no antemedial line on fore wing. Expanse 28 mm. Rah. Sixola. Near R. cacalis, Schs. Thursania sennit's, sp. n. $ . Head greyish brown. Collar and patagia roseate brown. Thorax and abdomen darker, abdomen below whitish irrorated with giey. Fore wings pale roseate brown ; costa shaded with fuscous; a small velvety brown-black spot near base of cell ; antemedial line fine, fuscous, outbent, outangled on inner margin, closely followed in cell by a round velvety spot, and a similar larger spot below cell, both finely circled with whitish ; a larger velvety spot at end of cell, its edges outcurved, anpl broadest across its middle ; postmedial line fine, dentate, fuscous, rather indistinct, followed by a broad greyish-white shade ; terminal space somewhat ochreous, i Heterocera from Costa Rica. 15 crossed by an irregular, geminate, fuscous sliade, more heavilv marked at vein H, hclow 4, and on inner margin ; apex fuscous ; a fuscous terminal line. Hind wings fuscous; tlie postmedial line more heavily marked, geminate between veins 5 and 2 and on inner margin; an indistinct darker 8ul)terminal shade. Hind wings below paler ; a black discal spot ; the postmedial line single. Expanse 31 mm. Hah. Tuis. Thxirsania phoJoe, sp. n. (J . Palpi brown irrorated with butT. Head, collar, and thorax brownish grey. Abdomen fuscous grey. Fore wings brownish grey ; a velvety brown-black subbasal streak to median ; a similar antemedial fascia across costa and cell, expanding into a large spot between median and submedian ; two similar superposed spots at end of cell, partly edged with "whitish buff, closely followed by the dentate postmedial line ; a subterminal narrow fuscous shade, outangled just above vein 6 and on vein 4 ; terminal fuscous spots on interspaces. Hind wings fuscous ; a faint discal spot, straight postmedial shade, and curved subterminal line. Wings below fuscous grey; dark discal spots and postmedial line. Hind wings rather paler ; a subterminal shade, more heavily marked at anal angle. Expanse 27 mm. Ilab. Turrialba. Thursania dissona, sp. n. ? . Palpi upcurved, second joint smoothly scaled, with tuft above near middle, third joint tufted at middle above, leaving the tip naked, acuminate, lilacine brown irrorated with dull brown, the tufts mottled with black. Head, collar, thorax, and fore wings light brown faintly tinged with lilacine. Abdomen paler at base, irrorated with purplish brown terminally. Fore wings: lines indistinct, consisting of dark irrorations ; antemedial outangled in cell, outbent on inner margin ; traces of a medial line crossing the reniform, which is itidistinct, orange-brown; postmedial vertical to vein 2, then slightly incurved; a subterminal, sinuous, dark brown shade, divided b}' a faint light brown line; the apex shaded with fuscous ; an interrupted terminal dark brown line. Hind wings dark grey, the space from veins 2 to 4 buff irrorated with brown ; a postmedial fine dark line, vertical to just below vein 2, angled and inbent to inner margin ; the 16 Mr. W. Schaus on termen broadly shaded with dark dull brown ; a terminal dark brown line. Wings below paler, the hind wings irrorated with brown ; a large black discal spot; the post- medial line finely irregular, slightly curved ; the discal spot on fore wings a black point. Expanse 29 mm. Hab. Guapiles. Thursania chosn'Ius, sp. n. ? . Head and thorax dark brown. Abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wings a trifle paler than thorax, the lines darker; antemediul line slightly outbetit to median, then vertical ; orbicular a black point ; medial sliade vertical, crossing discocellular, on which there is a fine blackish line; postmedial line wavy, vertical ; a pale subterminal wavy line inwardly broadly shaded with dark brown ; a terminal, faintly lunuhir, brown-black line on both wings. Hind wings dark greyish brown; a dark streak on discocellular, fine postmedial line, and a faint pale subterminal line inwardly shaded with dark brown, chiefly between veins 2 and 5. Wings below paler ; black discal spots ; a finely wavy dark brown postmedial line; a narrow subterminal dark brown shade. Expanse 26 mm. Hab. La Florida. Thursania faustitas J sp. n. ? . Palpi buff, finely darkly irrorated, very long, straight, slender, smoothly scaled, porrect or slightly ascending. Body and fore wings buff, the abdomen with paler seg- mental lines. Fore wings: antemedial line fine, black, wavy, outbent to submedian, outcurved on inner margin ; orbicular small, annular ; reniform finely outlined in fuscous, containing some orange-brown scaling; postmedial line finely wavy, vertical to vein 2, slightly incurved below it; subterminal line pale, defined by fuscous shading, which expands to apex, incurved opposite cell and below vein 2; on both wings a terminal black line, slightly lunular, inter- rupted by veins. Hind wings suffused with brownish grey; postmedial line fine, distinct, nearly vertical to vein 2, then inbent to itiner margin, followed by a pale shade. Wings below thinly irrorated with brown ; black discal spots, larger on hind wings ; a fine postmedial line ; a subterminal fuscous shade, crossed by a pale line. Expanse 30 ram. Hab. Guapiles. \ Ileterocera from Cusla Rica. 17 Epizeuxis zentium, sp. n. c? . Head, collar, tliorax, and wings dull brown. Abdo- men fuscous ; anal hairs whitish biifF. Fore wings : a bh\ck point at base of cell ; anteniedial fine, dark brown, slightly inset in cell and interrupted below it ; a minute orbicular point ; a dark broM'n medial shade, suffusing with reniform, which is large, darkly outlined ; postmedial fine, inbent opposite cell, incurved between vein 2 and submedian, partly interrupted ; subterniinal indistinct, paler, inwardly shaded with dark brown, especially from vein 4 to costa ; terminal brown-black points. Hind wings : a velvety discal point followed by a faint medial shade ; postmedial dark brown, wavily dentate ; a very faint subterniinal paler sliade ; terminal black points. Wings below paler ; a well- marked postmedial line; terminal dark points; a black discal point on hind wings. Expanse 29 mm. Ilab. Zent. Very near E. {Bhptina) maJia, Dr., which has medial shade and postmedial line further apart and a white point in reniform. Ileterogramma contempta, sp. n. ? . Palpi brown, upcurved, fringed above with grey-black hairs. Head, collar, and thorax dark grey-brown ; patagia light brown. Abdomen light brown, darker shaded ter- minally. Fore wings light brown, the lines fuscous brown ; antemedial line fine, angled on veins, outcnrved from median to submedian ; orbicular rather large, yellow-brown, finely dark-edged ; medial shade inbent from costa, vertical below cell, closely followed by reniform, wdiich is large, yellow- brown, containing two black points ; postmedial fine, out- curved below costa, sinuous, inbent from vein i, and slightly outangled on 3, 2, and submedian ; an irregular, subterniinal, yellow-brown line, partly narrowly edged with dark brown ; terminal semilunar brownish-black spots on interspaces of both wings. Hind wings dark greyish brown ; darker medial and postmedial lines; a fine subterniinal pale line, partly dentate lunular. Fore wings below dull grey-brov. n ; a darker postmedial line and dark-edged pale subterniinal line on costal half of wing. Hind wings below white irrorated with dull brown chiefly on costal margin ; a straight medial and curved postmedial line ; the whitish subterminal defined by dark siiading on either side. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xi. 2 18 IMr. W. Schaus on Expanse 22 mm. Hab. Esperanza. Fore wing without areole ; veins 8-10 stalked from end of cell. Apustis, gen. no v. ^fale. — Antenna? finely pubescent, ciliate. Palpi up- curved; third joint nearly as long as second, smooth, acumi- nate, with tufts of hairs at middle. Fore wings broad, the apex acute, the outer margin incurved below apex, then obliquely rounded; veins 3,4,5 apart from lower angle; 6 from near upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked from upper angle ; 10 and 11 from cell. Hind wings : veins 3 and 4 from lower angle, 5 from close to lower angle, 6 and 7 from upper angle. Type of genus, Apustis sabulosa, Schs. Apustis sahulosa, sp. n. c$ . Body bone-colour irrorated with black and fuscous brown, more thickly on collar and thorax; abdomen with clear segmental lines. Fore wings similar, the irrorations almost completely obscuring ground-colour, except on a narrow basal space, and on lines which are of ground-colour; antemedial lunular, outwardly edged by a fine fuscous line ; orbicular very small, whitish; a fine fuscous medial line across reniform, which is narrow, black, inwardly marked with a white point; postmedial fine, wavy, dentate, widest on costa ; subterminal forming irregular outcurves ; a terminal interrupted fuscous line ; cilia mottled with brown at base, crossed by a dark line and terminally spotted with fuscous- Hind wings bone-colour; transverse shades and terminal lines fuscous ; medial shade faintly marked, postmedial and subterminal distinct ; outer margin thickly irrorated with brown;, base to postmedial thinly irrorated with fuscous. Fore wings below paler; subterminal line heavily shaded inwardly with fuscous on costa. Hind wings below thickly irrorated with fuscous brown; medial line more distinct, with blacker shading on discocellular ; a streak from postmedial inbent to cell ; ])ostmedial and subterminal followed by clear bone-colour edging. Expanse 27 mm. Hah. Sixola. Metacinia, gen. nov. Male, — Antennse with short cilia. Palpi flat, upcurved. Ileierocera from Custa Rica. 19 barely reaching thorax, smoothly scaled. Fore farsi partly concealed by long process from base. Fore wings narrow; vein •3 (Voni before lower angle; A and 5 from lower angle; G Ironi near npper angle ; 7 from upper angle; 8, 9, 10 stalked from end of cell. Hind wings narrow; anal angle truncated from vein 2 ; veins 3 and 4 and G and 7 shortly stalked; vein 5 from near lower angle. Type of genus, Metacinia Umonalis, Schs. Metaclnia Umonalis^ sp. n. ?. Palpi upcurved, reaching well above head; antennas thiidy ciliated. Head and thorax dark lilacine brown ; abdo- men fuscous brown. Fore wnngs lilacine brown, shading to dull reddish brown before terminal space, which is thickly irrorated with white, inwardly limited by a lunular sub- terminal white line, and outwardly limited by a fuscous dentate lunular line ; a fine reddish-brown antemedial line ; a line vertical medial shade and a fine dentate lunular post- medial line, also vertical ; a black point as orbicular; a white point as reniform ; cilia fuscous grey mottled witii white. Hind wings fuscous brown ; a subterrainal whitish line at anal angle ; a terminal fuscous line. Fore wings below fuscous grey, hind wings paler ; an indistinct darker post- medial line ; a pale subtermiual line inwardly darker shaded. Expanse 29 mm. Ilab. Limon, Sixola, Juan Vinas. A male I'rom French Guiana only differs in having the third joint of palpi a trifle longer. Tliis is figured in the 'Biulogia' as theroalis, Wlk., but is not that species, which also differs in neuration. Drepanopalpia arenacea, sp. n. (J . Palpi outwardly pale lilacine brown, with a line of black irrorations along upper edge, the tufts on third joint pale yellowish. Head, collar, and thorax pale lilacine-brown thinly irrorated with black. Abdomen paler, irrorated with dark brown, more thickly on terminal segments. Fore wings pale lilacine brown with some pale orange-brown shadings, and a few scattered dark scales ; traces of a very fine, irregular antemedial line; reniform pale brown with some black irrorations ; a tine dark postmedial lunular line, slightly incurved below vein 3; termen broadly dark lilacine grey, preceded by a faint brownish shade and crosseii by a row ot subtermiual pale points on veins; a terminal lunular black line. Hiud wings whitish, with some brown irrorations 2* 20 Mr. W. Schaus on beyond middle; a fine lunular postmedial line; termen broadly shaded with dark greyish brown crossed by a sub- terminal whitish line ; a dark terminal lunular line. Fore wings below dark grey in disc, a black point at end of cell, fine postmedial line, and broad subterminal fuscous shade from costa, narrowing towards inner margin. Hind wings below white on inner area, pale buff on costa and termen with dark irrorations ; a dark discal spot ; a fine lunular postmedial line ; a subterminal dark shade. Expanse 30 mm. Hub. Poas. Bleptina ? hifausta, sp. n. $ . Body fuscous brown, head, collar, and thorax tinged with purple-black; a few whitish irrorations on abdomen. Fore wings dark brown ; base and medial space tinged with lilacine slate-colour ; lines dull, darker brown ; a subbasal, geminate antemedial, and geminate postmedial line ; a black point in cell ; an irregular dentate subterminal line, faintly marked, bluish white, followed by similar irrorations on margin. Hind wings black ; a large white spot from base to beyond middle of wing. Underneath black, the white space on hind wing as above. Expanse 34 mm. Hab. Turrialba. Veins 8, 9, 10 stalked from end of areole. Bleptina obscura, sp. n. ? . Body and wings very dark brown, the lines darker richer brown. Fore wings : antemedial line faintly out- curved ; a broad medial shade, indistinct, crossing end o£ cell ; two white spots on discocellular ; postmedial slightly outcurved ; an interrupted whitish subterminal line from costa to vein 3 ; a terminal dark line expanding into spots on interspaces. Hind wings : a postmedial line, very faint towards costa. Wings below dull greyish brown ; a faint medial line ; a more distinct postmedial line ; hind wings with a subterminal line followed by a grey shade, and a dark point on discocellular. Expanse 31 mm. Hab. Guapiles. Mamerthes gangaba, sp. n. ^ . Palpi whitish buff above, laterally streaked with black I Ileterocera from Costa Rica. 21 and brown. Head, collar, and thorax fuscous brown. Abdomen dark with pale segmental lines. Fore win^^s dark lilacine grey tinged witli brown ; base to antemedial paler, crossed by a faint lunular subbasal line, and with a dark spot at base of median; antemedial yellowish buff, somewhat incurved across cell, outbent on inner margin, outwardly dark-edged, and followed below cell by an oblique velvety brown-black spot; orbicular horizontally oval, dark-edged, containing some yellowish scales; reniform large, broad, velvety brown-black, crossed by a crescent-shaped yellow line; postmedial yellowish, finely edged with brown-black scales, and followed by a dark spot below vein 7 ; an irre- gular line of dark scaling subterminally, forming a spot near apex; small termitial black spots. Hind wings dull brown-grey. Wings below paler; markings more pro- nounced on hind wings, with larger discal spot; a post- medial line and subterminal shade, which on costa of fore wings is broad and preceded by a pale shade. Expanse 33 mm. Ilab. Poas. GOROSINA, gen. nov. Female. — Antennai ciliated. Palpi : second joint long, obliquely ascending; third short, angled back; both joints with long tringe of hair above; Fore wings broad; costal margin convex, apex acute; outer margin sligiitly oblique; vein 3 from well before lower angle; 4 and 5 from lower angle ; 6 from upper angle; 7-10 stalked ; 11 free. Hind wings: veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 from lower angle ; 6 and 7 on short stalk. Type of genus, Gorosina ampla, Sclis. Gorosina ampla, sp. n. $ . Palpi dark brown, fringed above with long fuscous hairs, thinly irrorated with grey ; base below shaded with buff. Head, collar, and thorax fuscous, irrorated with grey, the patagia outwardly reddish brown. Abdomen above brown shaded with fuscous ; pale lateral segmental spots. Fore wings light brow^n, darker on basal half ; costal margin tinged with grey; inner margin finely fuscous; a fine dark antemedial line, angled on costa, inbent to median, out- curved below cell, and again somewhat inbent; spots wiiitish grey, the orbicular small, the reniform moderate, somewhat inbent; medial line beyond cell, fuscous brown, angled at vein 8, and slightly sinuous to middle of inner margin ; 22 Mr. W. Schaus on postmedial line fine, dark brown, deeply lunulav with points on veins ; subterminal white points shaded with fuscous on veins, tlie point on vein 7 black. Hind wings shaded with fuscous on tennen ; medial nn 1 postmedial fuscous lines, the Litter finely dentate; subterminal spots as on fore wing. Fore winus below greyish brown ; a small black orbicular spot; reniform narrow, outlined in fuscous brown, containing a greyish streak ; medial line faint ; postmedial less lunular ; a subterminal white line followed by a black spot on vein 7. Hind wings browner; a black point in cell; a larger spot on discocellular ; the medial and postmedial lines fainter ; the subterminal spots as above. Expanse 40 mm. Hab. Tuis. Epiphanis, gen. nov. BlaJe. — Antennae pectinated. Palpi upcurved at base and porrect, the third joint turned back, slender, long, and with tufts at end. Fore wings : vein 3 from near lower angle ; 4 from lower angle, 5 close above it ; 6 from near upper angle ; 7 from upper angle ; 8, 9, 10 stalked from cell. Hind wings: veins 3 and 4, and 6 and 7, on short stalk; 5 from near lower angle. Type of genus, Epiphanis esperanzalis, Schs. Epiphanis esperanzalis, sp. n, ^ . Antennse pectinated. Palpi : first joint upturned ; second long, porrect ; third three times as long as second, ■with long hairs at end. Head buff; collar and thorax dark " purple-brown. Abdomen dull fuscous purple. Fore wings ijrown tinged with purple, irrorated with dull lilacine on termen ; the markings fuscous brown ; a spot at base ; an irregular antemedial line, slightly outbent, inwardly shaded with dull lilacine; orbicular small, round ; reniform crossed by a paler line, its outer edge suffusing with a narrow, interrupted medial shade; postmedial dentate, interrupted, vertical to vein 5, slightly outcurved to 3 and incurved below it; a broad subterminal shade, limited by a fine pale buff line, sinuous and ratiier deeply inbent between veins 5 and 6; a coarse terminal dentate lunular black line. Hind wings dark brown ; ]:)ostmedial and subterminal darker shades, the latter outwardly pale-edged, some marginal greyish irrorations ; terminal line as on fore wings. Wings below greyish irrorated with biown ; the lines finely dentate. Ileterocera from Costa Rica. 23 dark brown ; discal spots ; terminal line fbrniing triantrular spots on interspaces. Expanse 33 mm. Ilab. Esperanza. Paromia, gen. no v. Male. — Antennae pubescent, ciliate. Palpi curved back, reaching thorax behind, smoothly scaled, the third joint fringed with long hairs. Legs stout, smoothly scaled. Fore wings broad ; costa straight ; outer margin slightly rounded ; vein 3 from lower angle of cell ; 4 and 5 above it, apart ; vein 0 from upper angle ; areole narrow ; veins 7, 8, 10 from end of areole, 9 stalked with 8. Hind wings broad, the outer margin rounded ; veins 3 and 4, and 6 and 7, on short stalk ; 5 from near lower angle. Type of genus, Paromia nigrijyunctata, Schs. F. lysandria, Dr., has the fore tibiso tiiickly clothed with hairs. Paromia nigripunctata, sp. n. (J . Body grey-brown tinged with lilacine. Fore wings dull lilacine ; costa finely ochreous brown ; antemedial line fine, nearly vertical, olive-brown ; a similar broad medial shade ; a fine postmedial line suffusing with medial shade below cell; a broad subterminal shade, its outer edge darker shaded; terminal dark brown points on interspaces ; orbicular a black point; two black points on discocellular. Hind wings fuscous brown, darker shaded subterminally. Wings below l)rownish ; faint postmedial and subterminal lines. Hind wings somewhat shaded with lilacine grey ; a small discal spot. Expanse 30 mm. llab. Juan Vinas. Smaller, paler coloured than S. lysandria, Dr., and easily distinguished by the black spots. TariSTA, gen. no v. Male. — Antennae pubescent, ciliate, with raised tuft about middle of shaft. Palpi upturned, second joint fringed with hair above, third joint very short. Fore tarsi with long tufts of hair. Fore wings narrow ; vein 2 from just beyond middle of cell; 3 from before lower angle; 4 and 5 from lower angle ; 6 from below upper angle ; areole narrow. 7, 8, and 9 on long stalk, 10 from end of areole. Plind 24 Mr. W. Scliiius on wings: veins 3 and A, and 6 and 7, from angles; 5 from near lower angle. Type of genus, Tarista morosa, Schs. Tarista morosa, sp. n. ^ . Palpi dark brown. Head, collar, and thorax dark purplish brown. Abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wings purplish brown ; antemedial fine, lunular, outbent, black ; orbicular yellow-brown circled with black ; a faint fuscous medial line; reniform large, round, yellow-brown, containing a curved black line near inner edge; postmedial dentate, fuscous, indistinct ; a fine greyish subterminal line, sinuous and partly dentate ; terminal fuscous streaks between veins, ending in small points. Hind wings fuscous brown; a post- medial black shade from vein 2 to inner margin where it expands ; a faint subterminal line, edged with whitish scales towards anal angle. Wings below fuscous ; black discal points and postmedial line ; a subterminal line on hind wings. Expanse 30 mm. Hab. Juan Vinas. Tarista mfipalpis, sp. n. ? . Palpi reddish, the joints tipped with white. Head, collar, and thorax reddish brown. Abdomen fuscous. Fore wings reddish brown, darker shaded on interspaces beyond medial line, and below vein 6 to margin ; antemedial darker tinged, vertical, slightly outset below cell ; orbicular a black point; medial line outcurved in cell; reniform fuscous mottled with whitish-blue scales, similar irrorations scattered over outer half of wing ; postmedial outcurved, sinuous ; a subterminal bluish-white line, incurved opposite cell and on inner margin, otherwise indistinct, followed at tornus and between veins 4 and 7 by pale irrorations, which also form an edging to the terminal fuscous line. Cilia yellow-buf£ mottled with black. Hind wings fuscous ; a faint darker postmedial and subterminal line ; some bluish-white scaling before terminal black line. Hind wings below fuscous brown irrorated with bluish white ; a black discal spot and postmedial line ; a subterminal whitish line on both wings. Expanse 37 mm. Hab. Poas. In this species the palpi are longer than in male type of genus, but the third joint is proportionately short ; on hind wings veins 4 and 5 are stalked, 6 and 7 more shortly so. Heterocera from Costa Rica. 25 Tarista tnnocua, sp. ii. S . Body dull dark brown, some whitish irrorations on abdomen. Wings dull greyish brown, lines dark brown. Fore wings : antemedial line fine, outangled close below cell, inangled on subniedian ; orbicular darkly outlined, containing a bufF-brown centre ; a broad medial shade suffusing with inner edge of reniform, which contains a light brown shade ; postmedial line fine, sinuous, dentate ; sub- terminal dark shade more heavily marked, dentate and parallel with postmedial ; terminal dark points partly con- nected by a line. Hind wings : postmedial and subterminal shades more heavily marked towards inner margin, and partly edged with white irrorations ; a terminal dark line. IJind wings below greyish white irrorated with brown ; a brown line on discocellular ; postmedial and subterminal finely wavy lines. Expanse 23 nmi. Hab. Poas. Aristaria m'grifrotis, sp. n. ? . Palpi and frons black ; vertex and collar outwardly brownish ochre ; collar medially and thorax steel-grey, iridescent. Abdomen fuscous. Fore wings dark brown ; extreme costa brownish ochre, edged behind with steel-grey ; lines darker brown, indistinct ; antemedial lunular, slightly outbent ; medial across end of cell ; postmedial vertical ; outer margin thickly irrorated with bluish white, crossed close to its inner edge bv a brown lunular line. Hind winht brown irrorations ; cilia buff mottled with dark grey. Hind Heterocera from Costa Rica. 31 wings below wliite, tlie costa tlarkly irrorated ; a clarkdiscal spot ; traces of a subteiiniiial brown shade. Expanse 19 mm. TIab. Juan Vinas. UziNIA, gen. nov. ^[ah. — Palpi obliquely ascending, barely reaching above head, moderately scaled, the third joint minute. Antennae fasciculate. Legs smooth ; fore tibiae with longer hairs. Abdomen with dorsal tuft at base. Fore wings : costa slightly convex; outer margin obliquely rounded; vein o well before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 from lower angle ; 6 from close to upper angle ; areole narrow ; veins 7, 8, 10 from end of areole, 8 and 9 stalked. Hind wings : veins 3 and 4 from lower angle ; 5 slightly above angle ; 6 and 7 from upper angle. Type of genus, Uzmia hyas, Schs. Uzinia hyas, sp. n. c? . Palpi and head dark brown. Collar and thorax brown. Abdomen greyish brown. Fore wings light brown, darkly irrorated, the outer margin shaded with fuscous ; antemedial line indistinct, buff-brown, inangled in cell, crossing below cell a fuscous-grey shade ; a fuscous shade along costa to postmedial ; this line finely wavy, slightly inbeut, on costa buff divided by a fine dark line, from below vein 7 white with fine dark edging ; a subtermiiial dark sinuous line, faintly edged outwardly with white irrorations ; the terminal black line fine, edged with light brown ; cilia fuscous. Hind wings dark giey, the cilia mottled with light brown towards apex. Hind wings below white irrorated with grey-biown, chiefly on costal half ; a faint discal point. Expanse 16 mm. Hab. Esperanza, Sixola. Ocalaria pavOj sp. n. ? . Body dull brownish grey, the collar shaded witii brown ; basal segment of abdomen buff-white, overlapped- by fuscous hairs on thorax. Wings buff-white, thickly irrorated with brownish grey except along outer edge of the dentate postmedial, and inner edge of the dentate subterminal darker lines, the space between them grey-black shot with golden brown ; a marginal dark lunular line. Fore wings : an 32 Mr. W. Scliaus on irregular vertical antemeclial dark line, inwardly pale-sliaded ; a large black ocellus at end of cell edged with yellowish white, and containing a white point ; the medial line fine, dark, outcurved close around the ocellus, and immediately followed by the reniform^ which is long and narrow, sliglitly curved, Avhite, containing a dark line; a round black spot at apex containing a white point on its costal edge. Hind wings : a straight dark medial line, and dark sliade on discocellular, the latter partly paler edged. Wings below whiter, the lines similar but reduced ; the medial line on fore wings not reaching inner margin ; the ocellus and apical spot as above. Expanse 28 ram. Hah. Sixola. Allied to 0. oculata, Dr. POROSANA, gen. nov. 3fale. — Palpi upcurved, barely reaching vertex, smoothly scaled, with very short fringe on second joint below ; the third acute, one-third as long as second. Antennas pubes- cent. Legs smoothly scaled ; spurs on hind tibiae long; abdomen short. Fore wings narrow ; veins 3, 4, 5 from lower angle; 6 from close to upper angle; 7-10 on long stalk, 7 from before 10; 11 free. Hind wings : veins 3 and 4 on long stalk; 5 from near middle of discocellular ; 6 and 7 from upper angle. Type of genus, Forosana uruca, Schs. Porosana uruca, sp. n. (J . Palpi, head, collar, and thorax fuscous brown : a large wdiite spot on thorax behind extending on basal segments of abdomen ; abdomen otherwise fuscous. Fore wings fuscous brown to postmedial line, the terrnen dark slate-colour ; the scales forming transverse strise ; antemedial and postmedial lines outcurved, brownish, marked by white streaks on costa and geminate white points on interspaces ; a marginal dark brown line, inwardly edged with white, outwardly with light brown, preceded by a white spot on submedian fold ; cilia dark slate-colour, tipped with white at vein 5 aiid below apex. Hind wings brownish grey ; a dark discal point ; a dark brown terminal line, outwardly edged with whitish brown ; cilia partly tipped with white. Wings below silky grey ; a postmedial white streak on costa of fore wings and small Heterocera from Costa Rica. 33 apical white shade. Hind winfi;.? : a dark discal point ; a whitish subtermii)al line and similar shade at anal angle. Expanse 19 mm. I Jab. La Uruca. I am indebted to Mr. Dognin for a specimen of this species. Rhcesena darconis, sp. n, ? . Palpi, head, and collar yellowish buff irrorated with ochreous, sometimes browner. Thorax lilacine brown. Abdomen greyish brown irrorated with purple-red. Fore wings brown tinged with lilacine ; base slightly darker ; antemedial line outcurved, vaguely indicated by pale scales preceded by a rust-brown shade ; orbicular annular, faintly marked; a fine, straight^ lilacine medial line, outbent from costa to inner margin, broadly shaded inwardly with rust- brown ; reniform faintly indicated by some dark points; a curved brown postmedial line from subcostal to vein 4, followed by some rust-brown shading ; a fuscous subterminal line, inangled on vein 5 ; terraen shaded with rust-brown. Hind wings fuscous brown. Fore wings below fuscous, the apex tinged with yellowish buff. Hind wings below partly shaded with yellow-buff and irrorated with dark brown ; a small dark discal spot, postmedial line, and subterminal shade. Expanse 22 mm. Hub. Sixola, Banana River. Near C. lea, Druce. Rhcesena melicerta, sp. n. $ . Palpi dark brown, points tipped with buff. Head, collar, and thorax dark brown ; some light reddish-brown scales on vertex ; some lilacine irrorations on collar and thorax. Abdomen above fuscous brown ; some grey scaling terminally. Fore wings brown, darkest at base, medially and subterminally ; lilacine blue irrorations at base, outwardly on lines, in cell medially, and on termen from vein 4 to tornus, also before postmedial on costa, beyond cell, and on inner margin ; lines black, antemedial outbent, incurved between veins ; postmedial lunular, twice outcurved, inangled on vein 2 ; orbicular and reniform indistinct, small, linear ; subterminal shade expanding between veins 4 and 6, cut by a -whitish streak at vein 6. Hind wings fuscous brown. Fore wings below fuscous, the costa tinged with lilacine brown; a black postmedial line. Hind wings below tinged Ann. dc Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xi. ' 3 34 Mr. W. Seliaus on with lilacine, the inner margin whitish, and irrorated with fuscous brown ; a dark discal spot and very distinct post- medial line ; a fuscous subterminal shade. Expanse 30 mm. Ilab. Sitio. Close to Platydia rujinalis, Wlk., but of a different colour. Dercetis'^ plumhea, sp. n. ? . Body and wings leaden grey, the two basal segments of abdomen paler. Fore wings : lines thick, orange-brown ; a basal line on costa and cell; antemedial very slightly iubent, mottled with black-brown scaling ; a small yellow spot in cell medially close to subcostal and a streak on costa beyond it; a spot on discocellular irrorated with black- brown ; postmedial also irregularly mottled with black- brown, inangled at vein 5 aud slightly outcurved to sub- median fold and again to inner margin ; termen sinuous. Hind wings tinged with brown ; a dark postmedial outcurved line and indistinct subterminal shade. Wings below paler ; fore wings with a dark postmedial line ; hind wings with a large black-brown spot on discocellular, preceded by a smaller spot in cell; a similar postmedial fine line aud small terminal spots above and below vein 6. Expanse 14 mm. Hab. Sixola. Mecynoptera convergens^ sp. n. ? . Palpi orange, mottled witii dark brown outwardly. Head and collar orange irrorated with reddish brown. Thorax purple-brown. Abdomen dark reddish brown, tinged witli orange terminally, and with dark grey segmental lines. Fore wings purple-brown ; an outcurved darker brown antemedial line, interrupted by tlie annular orbicular spot ; an outbent medial and an inbent postmedial dark brown shade almost meeting on inner margin ; the reniform very large, outlined in dark brown ; the medial line outwardly edged with white on costa ; subterminal fuscous spots almost forming a line and a marginal dark shade at vein 3 ; an almost terminal fine dark line. Hind wings fuscous brown. Fore wings below brown ; the costal margin, apex, and termen orange finely irrorated with dark brown; the inner margin white; a brown spot at end of cell ; a dark postmedial line from costa to vein 4. Hind wings orange irrorated with dark brown ; a dark discocellular streak and fine postmedial line. Expanse 29 mm. Hah, Esperanza, Ueterocera from Coata Rica. 35 PcENOMlA, gen. nov. Mah. — Antennae pubescent, ciliate. Palpi upcurved, the tliird joint longer than second, uptnrned, with long tufts from its l);ise on inner side. Fore tibire hairy. Wiiig.s long and narrow. Fore wings : costal margin with fold below at base, medially slightly depressed ; veins 3, 4, 5 close together from lower angle of cell ; 7, 8, 10 from areole, 9 stalked with 8. Hind wings : veins 3 and 4, and 6 and 7, on short stalk ; 5 from near lov/er angle. Type of genus, Pocnomia turjns, Schs. Poenomia turpis, sp. n. (J . Palpi, head, collar, and thorax fuscous, thinly irrorated with yellowish scales ; third joint of palpi with long tufts of whitish hairs. Abdomen fuscous grey above, underneath bufl-brown, with dark segmental lines. Wings fuscous tinged with olive-brown, the markings darker, partly defined by pale edging. Fore wings: a subbasal line; antemedial vertical, slightly lunular ; a medial shade ; postmedial lunular, dentate, vertical to vein 5, then slightly outcurved ; subtcrminal line, indistinct, whitish grey. Hind wings : a line on discocellular ; postmedial and subterminal broad, the latter outwardly pale-edged ; terminal white points between veins on both wings. Fore wings below fuscous grey ; a dark discal point; a faint darker postmedial line ; a whitish subterminal line. Hind wings whitish irrorated with fuscous grey, forming postmedial, subterminal, and marginal shades, all rather broad ; discal spot well marked. Expanse 35 mm. Hub. San Jos^. Poenomia maculata^ sp. n. ? . Palpi, head, collar, and thorax fuscous tinged with lilacine ; third joint of palpi ringed and tipped with grey. Abdomen fuscous above with dorsal tufts, underneath whitish grey. Fore wings fuscous tinged with lilacine, the markings velvety black; a basal and broad subbasal shade, the latter expanding just above submedian, and closely followed by a very tine antemedial line, parallel to its outer )=RhyncJdum grayi, Smith, var. with rutbus markings. The two insects agree perfectly in size and structure, and both have the clypeus apically carinate. (Rliynchium usamharaense, Cam. L c. p. 183, ? )= ? R.grayi^ subsp. neavei, M.- Waldo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) viii. p. 456 (1911), YNEEUS, Latr. [Odi/nerus pitlchrjpiloseUufi, Cam. I. c. p. ISS) ■= Odj/nervs A-tuhercuIatus, Sm. (1S57). It is diflicult to understand why Cameron lias made such confusion in dealing with the genera and subgenera under Odynerus. Ancistroceriis, Wesm., is given both g^eneric and subgeneric rank in two consecutive species, and the same is true of JS^orfom'a, which is also placed as a subgenus of Odynerus and Ancistrocerus ! The species of Odynerxis described as new in the results of the Kilimanjaro-Meru Expedition may be separated by means of the following key : — 1. First alDdominal sep'ruent witli 1 or 2 trans- verse carinas. (Subo-. Ancisfroceriii^.) . . 2. First abdominal segment simple. (Subg. Lionotus.^ 6. 2. Abdominal segment 1 with 2 transverse carinse. L. 7 mm massaicus, $ . Abdominal segment 1 with 1 transverse carina 3. 3. Larger insects, 10-12 mm 4. Smaller insects, 8 mm 5. 4. Clypeus black and yellow ; legs mostly black ; whole insect covered with long dark hair ; tegulae black striativentrisj c? • Clypeus black ; tibise and tarsi red ; abdo- men sparsely clothed with hair ; tegulae ferruginous lineaticollis, $ . 5. Pronotum ferruginous ; postscutellum black, maculiscapus, cJ. Pronotum black, anterior margin yellow ; postscutellum yellow kibonotensis, $ . 6. Larger insects, 13-16 mm 7. Smaller insects, 10 mm. and less 9. 7. Totally black, wings smoky cTiemopkilus, $ . Otherwise coloured 8. 8. Black : head, prothorax, postscutellum, and median segment' ferruginous; wings hyaline at base, fusco-violaceous apically. meyeri, $ . Black and ferruginous ; abdominal segments for most part with yellow apical fasciae ; tergites 1 and 2 with lateral, oval, yellow spots ; abd. segment 2 ferruginous. Wings fulvo-hyaline, radial cell fuscous, stiraspis, S . 9. Postscutellum armed laterally with tu- bercles 10. Postscutellum unarmed 11. 10. Black, with .yellow markings.; scutellum with two yellow marks armatiscutis, $ . Ferruginous, with yellow markings ; scu- tellum fen-uginous pulchripiloselhis, $ (=A-tuherculatus, Sm.^. viiw species of Diyloytara. 53 11. Abdominal segment 1 siibpetiolate at apex, considerably narrower than second seg- ment 12. Abdominal segment 1 not subpetiolate, as broad apically as second se;^ment 13. 12. Black; anterior margin of pronotum and tegulie ferrnginous ; postsculellum and apical fasciiu on abdominal segments 1 and 2 yellow ; wings smoky rufo-^pualtdaUm, J . Black ; pronotum, scutellnm, postacutellum, tegulie, and apical fadci* on abdominal segments ferruginous; wings b_\ aline, slightly fuscous in radial cell curvirufolineatus, r£ . 13. Colours black and yellow ; 7-8 mm 14. Colours ferruginous and yellow ; 10 mm. . . 16. 14. Clypeus and Hagellum with some ferru- ginous coloration 15. Clypdus yellow at base, black apically ; tlagellum black kilimandjaroensis, 2 • 15. Clypeus yellow and ferruginous ; terminal joints of dagellum ferruginous beneath ; scutellum and postscutellum with small lateral yellow spots sjostedti, $ . Clypeus yellow ; otherwise resembling sjostedti, except in secondary sexual characters ynyvei, <$ {i sjostedti, S)- 16. Posterior margin of prothorax and post- scutellum yellow meniensis, S (? rotuudiscutia, (£ ). Prothorax and postscutellum entirely ferru- ginous , rotundiscutis, § . Vespinm. ICARIA, ^au.sd. [Icaria africana, Cam. l. c. p. 170, :ind Icaria cariniscutis, C'ain. /. c. p. 171j aie both Icaria dtstijma, Gerst. (iSoTj. In a short key to the three species of Icaria collected by the Expedition, Cameron gives points of ditterence in the shape of the petiole ; but there is no sucli difference in reality. He was evidently misled by the fact that the abdomens of his two types hang at different angles from tiie median segment. /. africana \i a variety witli the stigma black. Belonogaster, Sauss. [Belonogaster erythrospiluSjQ-MW. I.e. p. ll-l) = B. griseus, F. (,1775;. 54 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and {Belonogaster massaicus, Cam. h c. p. 17l) = -B. diihius, KobI (Ib')-l), var. witli ferruginous clypeus. Only inner margin of eyes yellow. (^Belonoqasier G-nmcuIatus, Cam,, (^ ,1. c. p. n4) = B.faciah's, Buyss., cJ (1908). Cameron's type, a unique male, is in very poor condition. Paramischocyttarus, Magretti. Paramischocyttarus african us. Tanyzethus africanus, Cam. I. c. p. 195, described as the iypQ of a new genus, is certainly this genus. Cameron places his geims in the Eumenidinre, or solitary wasps, but; there is no jiistitication for transferring Faraniischocyttarua to tliis subfamily until our knowledge of the genus is con- siderably greater as regards nesting-habits &c. Paramischocyttarus forms, together with Ischnogaster, as pointed out by Colonel Bingham (Fauna J3rir. India, Hymen, vol. i. p. 375), a link between the social and solitary Vespidse as regards structural characters. l)r. P. Magretti has been kind enougli to examine his type of the genus and conrirms my observation that the intermediate tibice are armed vnth tvuo cafcaria and the tarsal chncs dentate. We know from the rest-iiabitrt of Ischnogasier that it is social in habits; so there is every reason to expect Paramischocyttarus has a similar life-history. ISCHNOGASTEROIDES, Magretti. On structural cliaracters this genus should be placed in the solitary wasps or Einiienidinoe, since Dr. P. Magretti informs me that there is only one calear on the intermediate tibia and tiie tarsal claws are deritate. The clypeus is strongly Eumenid in appearance according to the figure. Unfortu- nately nothing is known of the nesting-habits. III. — Descriptions and Records of Bees. — XL VIII. By T. D. A. Cockerell, University of Colorado. Augochlora {Avgochloropsis) charapina, sp. n. ? . — Head and thorax green ; abdomen shining crimson. Exactly like the Mexican A. subignita, Ckll., except as Records of Bees. 55 follows : — Smaller (anterior wing 6nim. long) ; mesotliorax, altliongii dull and excessively densely minutely punctured at sides, smooth and sliining (tinj^ed with j^olden) in middle, with the punctures well separated ; wings di.->tinetly darker ami redder, the tirst r. n. meeting second t.-c. a little on inner side ; inner orbits and upper marrax with a more or less evident blaf'kish sliade in the middle. Wings dusky grey, without the reddisli tint seen in nigrocijanea. ($ . — Like that of A. n'igrocijanea, but smaller; wings clearer and not reddish ; disc of mesothorax not so densely punctured. Hah. Quirigua, Guatemala, 9 ? , 2 (? {W. P. Cockerell). Four females and one male at flowers of Ipormea sid(BfoUa, Feb. 10-12. Augochlora quiriguensis sid(efoU(B, var. n. $ . — Head and thorax black or blue-black, with green on the inner orbits ; piothorax, lateral and posterior margins of nietathorax, postscutellum and metaihorax, or the meta- thorax largely black. (J. — Head and thorax bright blue ; punctures on disc of mesothorax distinctly separated ; wiugs pale greyish, not reddish. Hub. Quirigua, Guatemala, 4 ^,\ S (W. P. Cockerell). Two females are from flowers of I/ionuMU sidmj'ulia, Feb. 12. The male, whicli is possibly not correctly assigned to this variety, is from flowers of plant no. 7. I confess to being puzzled by A. quiriguensis. It seems too different from A nigrocyanta to be a diriiorphic form or variety ; yet the males, if 1 have associated them correctly, agree closely in structure, the only conspicuous diHerence being in the e\idently spaced punctures of the mesothorax of quiriguensis. Then, again, sidccfoiKB looks at first very different from quiriguensis, but it is certainly no more than a variety. A study of these insects in the field is necessary to deter- mine their exact status. A. quiriguensis is very much like the Brazilian A. fruncisca, Schrottky, but it is a more slender insect, and the tarsi resemble the tibiae in colour (\u francisca dull ferruginous, with their pubescence of the same colour). Halictus (Evylaus) hewetti, sp. n. ? . — Length about 7 mm., anterior wing 4f . Black, the pale pubescence faintly tinged with ochreous ; CO Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and tegulae rather large, piceous, finely punctured all over; hind spurs \Aith numerous oblique fine teeth, rather too long to call the spur serrate. Head broader than long ; cl ypeus short ; face and front quite hairy ; cheeks unarmed ; an- tennae entirely black ; mesothorax and scutellum moderately shining, very finely and quite closeh^ punctured ; scutellum depressed in middle ; area of metathorax a broad band, angulate in middle, its whole surface dull black, rugulose, with strong irregular ridges ; apical truncation of metathorax heart-shaped, sharply margined. Legs black. Abdomen shining, with very minute piliferous punctures, the whole surface finely pilose, the pile shining pale greyish in certain lights ; lateral bases of second and third segments, and fourth slightly, with pale triangular hair-patches ; discs of apical segments laterally with fuscous hair, Hab. Quirigua, Guatemala, 2 ? [W. P. Cockerell). The type carries much pale yellow pollen, of large grains, ou the hind legs. Superficially very like H. pseudopectoralis, Ckll., from Mexico, but easily separated by the dull opaque area of metathorax. There is no close resemblance to any of the Mexican species described by Vachal and Smith. In Crawford's table of North- American species (1907) it runs to H. glabriventris, Crawf., from Oregon, but differs by the structure of the metathorax. The species is dedicated to Dr. E. L. Hewett, under whose directions the ancient ruins at Quirigua were being excavated at the time wheu the bees were caught. Halictus townsendi, Cockerell. The male, hitherto unknown, was taken by Mrs. Cockerell at Antigua, Guatemala. It is like the male of H. armaticeps, but rather large (ante- rior wing 7 mm.), with the middle and hind tibise black except at base and apex. Owing to the colour of the tibiae, this runs in my table in Proc. Philad. Acad. 1898, p. i>l, to H. pacijicus, but the structure of the metathorax is as in armaticeps. Halictus adustipennis, sp. n. ^ . — Length a little over 8 mm., anterior wing 7. Black, including the antennse and legs, except that the tarsi are obscure reddish ; tegulse shining black, well punctured all over, but so minutely that a compound microscope is needed to bring out the character well ; Avings . orange-tinted, becoming a strong orange-fuscous in the Becords of Bees. 61 marg^iiial cell, and with a diffused fuscous cloud in the apical re«ing that the elongated face, like the deepening of the maxilla, is an adaptation to tiie development of a powerful carnivorous dentition. It is probable that this lengthening is the cause of the enormously long prevomers and of the long region where the pterygoids are in contact with the paraspheiioid in Therocephalia. The curious position of the basi pterygoid process of the basisphenoid, which is dorso- ventrally flattened and laterally directed, seems to depend entirely on the reduction of all the parts of the skull which lie below the opistliotics. This reduction is progressive ; it is scarcely shown in the Pelycosauria and perliaps Deino- cephalia, is very marked in Therocephalia, and still more so in Cynodontia. One interesting case of it is well brought out by comparison of the position of the foramen jugulare of the Tlierocephalian described aboye with that of Diademodon. In the earlier type it is directed very nearly backwards and lies considerably above the level of the bottom of the Structure of the Therocephalian Skull. 75 opistliotics, resembling fairly closely that of Sphenodon ; in tiie Cyiioilont it opens entirely downwards on the extreme lower snrfnce of the cranium. Other tratures of the pahite which di'serve mention are the small interpteryj^oid vacuity and the absence of any suboibital vacuiiies. It is certain that, although the matrix cannot be removed so as to show it, the parasphenoid lying above the level of the palate really divides the vacuity. This condition is exactly similar to that in Anomodonts, where the pterygoids meet below the parasi)henoid, and then separate to form a large interpterygoid vacuity which is divided by tlie jiara- sphenoid lying above the levcd of the palate. The higher Cvnodonts show an advance on the mammalian direction in the compute obliteration of the interpterygoid vacuity and the exposure of tiie paras[)henoid (mammalian vomer) for its whole length. The remaikable Cynodont type ]\Jicro- gonipliodon oligocynus, which may, I think, be included in the same family with Buuria, has a large interpterygoid vacuity. The condition of the parietal region of the Gorgonopsid skull is of great interest. The extension of the postorLital backwards to meet the squamosal, and the consequent exclu- sion of the postfrontal and parietal from the border of the temporal fossa, occurs also in Deinocephalia, Diruetrodon, L)iomasauria, and Anomodonts; it iias thus every appearance of being a primitive Tliera|)sid character. When 1 described the skull of Diudemudon I thought it most probable that it was a secondary feature; but examination of much more material, including particularly some of that in South Africa, has convinced me that Dr. Broom was quite justified in holding it to be primitive. It does not therefore follow that lie is right in holding that the Therapsid temporal fossa is homologous with the lower one of Sjdtenudon. The fact that in all iJiapsid reptilfs except Sphenodon the quadrato-jugal foinis part of the border of the lower temporal fossa and that in the jJeinocephalia the squamosal meets the post- orbital below the lossa, and tiiat these two bones form a good deal of the zygomatic arch in all Therapsids, seems to me to show that the Therapsid temporal fossa is not homologous with either of those of Sphenodon^ but is really developed in the ujiper temporal arcade of that reptile, being primitively bonndeti by the squamoj^al and postorbital alone. By increase 76 Mr. D. M. S. Watson on the in size of the temporal fossa the parietal and jugal may enter into its border, but the postfrontal never does so. This last point is of interest in connection with the fact that in several Nothosaurians the postfrontal, although present, takes no part in the formation of the temporal fossa. This ne%Y view of the homology of the Therapsid temporal fossa raises no difficulties and allows of the occasional pro- duction of incipient upper temporal fossae in Dimetrodon and lower temporal fossae as in the type skull of Cynognatlms crateronotus. The Gorgonopsidffi in the characters of their parietal region agree very closely indeed with the Anomodontia ; in many other features of the skull they also present resemblances to them, and it becomes interesting to speculate on the possible relation between the two types. Typical Anomodonts of small size are known from the Pariasaurus-zone, and Gor- gonopsids first appear, so far as is at present known, in the succeeding Endothiodon-zoue, so that direct derivation is not possible. It seems to me most probable that they agree so closely owing partly to actual descent of primitive features to them from ancestral Tiierapsids and partly to the direction imposed on their evolutionary change by latent homoplasty *. They both agree closely in the constitution of their cranial roof with the Deinocephalia, although the preparietal is not known to occur in that group. The remarkable general resemblance between the apparent method of development of the secoridary palate in Crocodiles, where in Metriorhynchus there is a large median vomer, and that of Cynodonts as outlined above suggests that tiie development of the secondary palate of Tiierapsids may have taken place independently on several lines of descent. It seems to me very probable that Bauria is the terminal type of a completely different but parallel line of descent to Cynognathus. Bauria with a secondary palate retains large suborbital vacuities, as shown in a specimen collected by myself, which is exceedingly like Bauria cynops, but perhaps belongs to an allied species. The family, as shown by Microgomphodon oligocynus, has also a large interpterygoid vacuity f. The Permian type Arctognatlms curvimola {cf. * I owe this convenient phrase to Baron Fr. Nopsca, Jun. t Coiuparisou of the anterior part of the dentition of Microgomphodon, Seelev (Phil. Trans, vol. 186 B. pi. i. tig. 4), with that oi Bauria, Broom (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 896, fig. 168), will render the close relation of the types certain. Structure of the T/ierocephallan Skull. 77 Seeley, Phil. Trans, vol. 185 B, pp. 987-10i8, pi. Ixxxviii. fig, 1) has a lower surface which, except for the fact that it is not known to have any secondary |Kilate, is exf'.raordinarily like that of Ci/nognat/ius or J)iadeinodon, especially in the fact that the interpteryh the dorsal from the ventral surface at first sight, though on sul)seqnent minute in- spection a slight ridge is seen on the ventral aspect of the funnel. The most characteristic feature about the body is the flattened raoniliform condition of the last nine bristled segments, M'hich are narrow and vase-shaped, the wide end being posterior. So far as observed, no other British ^Mahlanid presents a similar conformation. Behind the foregoing are two rings, the funnel arising with a bro",d base from the second, and showing a slight constriction before reaching the rim, thus giving the outline of a dice- box to the fimnel. Six of ihe subulate cirri of the funnel are alike and moderately long, the scAentli or mid-ventral being a very little longer, tliough externally the caudal funnel seems to be long; the anal aperture is in the centre of a shallow distal cup and has no cone. The bristles are in two groups, pale yellow stronger forms nearly straight and with tapered tips and wings, and slender bristles with very fine attenuate tips, appiirently smooth. The first three segments liuve rather long spines, shghtly curved striated organs, with a conical tip which may liave a slight constriction below it. The fourth foot has a row of hooks with somewhat long curved shafts, a bold shoulder, bevond which is the constriction of the short neck, which curves backward and enlai'ges to the crown. The great fang leaves the neck at a little less than a right angle, and four teeth at least occur on the crown behind it, though it has not yet reached full height. There are no gular bristles. The neck is obliquely and boldy striated, and an opaque region of the shaft behind the shoulder is probably likewise striated. The typical hook is characterized by its comparatively short curved shaft, high crown, and the broad strongly 7* IGO ProF. M'liitosh's Notes from the striated distal region with the teetli. The opacity behind the shoukler shows faint strife. The great fang leaves the neck at considerably less than a right angle, and from the neck, immediately below its base, is a tuft of gular bristles, which pass to the tip and bend upward on each side of the fang. The crown is now high^ and there are seven teeth above the great fang. The lower and the central regions of the neck are strongly striated ^. The tube is fragile, the inner layer being composed of a thin layer of secretion to which sand-grains, minute frag- ments of shells, and Foraminifera are attached externally. A very similar form Avas dredged by Dr. Gwyn Jeffreys in 90 fathoms off North Unst, on July 15, 1868. If the two fragments in the bottle belong to the same specimen, and they so far agree^ the number of the segments would thus be twenty-three — a larger number than usual in the group. The funnel has fourteen cirri, that over the ventral ridge being only a little longer and broader than the others. As they are set on the rim at intervals their arrangement is characteristic. The hooks and bristles seem to correspond with the foregoing. A high power does not show fine spikes in the delicate hair-like tips, but the preparation had long been preserved. The tube in this case is composed of somewhat coarse fragments of shells, fragments of a tube of Ditrypa, and sand-grains attached to the secretion. Arwidsson records two mutilated examples of PraxilleUa affinis, Sars, the ninth species, from the south coast of Ireland, Stat. R 31 (8, p. 127), or six miles S.E. of Mine Head, 53 m. One fragment consisted of the third to eightli setigerous segments, and the other had from the third to the seventeenth. "Besides there is a posterior extremity possibly belonging to one of the foregoing. Amongst other things are found the specially developed setae on the tenth and eleventh setigerous segments. ^^ [Arwidsson.) f The tenth British IMaldanid is PraxilleUa gracilis, Sars, which was dredged in 100 fathoms in St. Magnus Bay, Shetland, by Dr. Gwyn Jeffreys. The head has the cephalic plate somewhat more oblique than in P. pratemissa, so that the anterior border is more acute in lateral view, especially as the filament and anterior process thus appear as a continuous narrow appendix. In * Arwidsson also describes a Leiochone, to wliicli lie gives no name, in Proc. R. Irish Acad. vol. xxix. p. 214 (1911). t Proceed. fJoy. Irish Acad. vol. xxix. p. 215 (1911). Gattij Marine Laloratory, St. Andreics. 101 Die raediau line anteriorly is tlio flattened conical prow seen ia the form above mentioned, but it has distally the filiform process so characteristic of the species. From the basal process the long and rather narrow glandular keel passes backward almost to the posterior border. Tlic long nuchal organs lie at each side, and they slightly bend outward anteriorly, but do not reach the margin, which has two broad lateral flaps in front of the notches, and a narrower and often more or less erect border between the notches. The fused pro- and peristomial segments have the large aperture of the mouth ventrally, and it is usually marked by a series of radiating furrows, M-hich are somewhat regularly arranged on the prominent postei'ior lip. Anteriorly a ridge runs forward to the notch on each side of the flattened base of the anterior process. In partial protrusion the proboscis forms a button-shaped papillose organ, but in full extrusion a considerable bladdei*-like smooth region with a terminal fissure occurs beyond it. The papillae on the basal region in extrusion arc bluntly conical, large, and prominent, four or five papilke occurring in each row anteriorly, and nine or ten occurring, as i^rwidsson observes, in each row })osteriorly. Reddish mud oozed from the mouth on the slightest pressure. The fine mud swallowed by the annelid contains many organic elements, besides spicules of sponges and minute sand-grains. An occasional larval annelid occurs. The body is more or less rounded dorsally, slightly flattened behind the anterior third ventrally, and marked by a median streak, which becomes a ridge posteriorly. A distinct constriction behind the cephalic region, affecting three or four segments, occurs anteriorly. There are nineteen bristled segments, and four without bri-tles posteriorly. Large forms exceed 100 mm. in length, and the walls of the body posteriorly are thinner than in P. pratermissa, so that from flattening the diameter of large examples is 4-5 mm. The anal funnel is comparatively small, has a prominent anal cone with a valve, a long ventral cirrus, and twenty-two to twenty- five (Arwidsson gives twenty-seven) shorter cirri, which vary in length in diflerent specimens. Pigment is usually absent in spirit-specimens, but in one the anterior region is mottled with brownish red. The anterior bristled segments from the first to the anterior part of the eighth are glandular, but the glandular elevations at the row of hooks thereafter are absent. Arwidsson gives in detail the arrangement of the glands in the various parts. The segmental organs occur in bristled segments six to nine. The first, second, and third segments are, as mentionedj Gutty Marine Luboralort/, St. Andrews. 103 the smaller great fang, and the more prominent condition of the crowu with the smaller teeth, four of which are evident as in front. The {^ulur bristles have the same arrangemeiit. The bristles of this region retain the stnieture of tliose in front. As a rule, the luunber of the hooks increases at the fourth segment, and at the sixteenth tliere may be sixteen or seventeen in each row (Anvidsson) . The same author found in an example from Lofoten the tips of the posterior (tenth) bristles feathered with fine lateral hbres, a condition not yet observed here. Arwidsson met with one reproducing the terminal segments without bristles. The tube consists of mud and sand-grains round a central lining of amorphous secretion, and is free. It readily yields to jiressure applied externally. Occasionally the translucent secretion projects beyond the external coating of mud and sand. In the Irish collection Arwidsson met with Praxillella affinis, Sars, in the form of two mutilated examples dredged otf Mine Head. He found the specially developed capillary bristles on the tenth and eleventh segments. The twelfth species, PraxiUella prceteriyiissa, Malmgren, has long been known in the northern parts of Britain, and has a wide distribution elsewhere. The cephalic plate is sloped from above downward and forward, and has a median ridge from its posterior to its anterior border, where it ends in a flattened conical process which curves forward and slightly upward. The rim of the plate has a median notch posteriorly, a deep lateral notch a little more than a ihird of the distance forward, whilst its edge is rounded otf on each side of the anterior median process. The rim in small examples has an entire margin throughout, but in large a scries of notches — about five in number on each side — cut the border between the lateral notch and the median posterior into segments. The deep part of the rim is the anterior section on each side. The nuchal grooves occur on each side of the median ridge, widening a little in their passage forwaid as they run into the notch or angle at the base of the median process. The mouth opens as a transverse slit on the ventral surface a little behind the median process of the cephalic plate, and occasionally the proboscis is extruded as a flattened button covered with small reniform papillae, or in full extrusion as an ovoid sac or bladder. The body is of moderate length, more or less rounded throughout, thicker in front and diminished toward the anal 104 Prof. M'Intosli's Xotes from tJie fnnnel, the posterior region, moreover, being for nine or ten segments moniliform. A median streak marks the ventral snrface, which, further, is in parts somewliat less rounded than the dorsah Tliere are nineteen bristled segments and four without bristles posteriorly. The fused pro- and peristominm form a thickened mass, broad in front and constricted behind, where it joins the first bristled segment. The first three bristled segments are nearly eqnal in length, the first being the stoutest in the preparations, and each bears a tuft of bristles and a golden spine, which in large examples is very powerful though not long. It has a stout striated shaft, enlarges from a slightly narrowed base, and again diminishes to the tip, which is likewise finely striated (longitudinally) internally and often has a distinct curvature at the tip. The bristles of these segments are in two groups, the larger being capillary bristles with fairly stout shafts and somewhat narrow wings at the finely attenuate tip. The other group consists of capillary bristles with more slender shafts and more finely attenuate tips. In the example from St, Magnus Bay the last tuft of bristles in front of the funnel had a mere trace of a wing with the edge faiiitly serrated. The first three bristled segments do not present marked glandular areas, but the fourth has a narrow ring at the anterior part of the segment and in front of the bristle- bundles. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth segments have broader belts of glandular tissue which occur in the same part of the segment and envelop the ridges for the hooks. The ninth foot occurs at the posterior part of the segment, and is glandular, as are those which follow, as far as the nineteenth. Each of the four terminal segments has a glandular ridge on each side, the last forming, by nearly coalescing with its neighbour, a kind of ring. The six segments in front of the terminal funnel differ in shape from the preceding, being narrow in front and wider posteriorly, the elevations for the hooks or the corresponding glandular areas without hooks behig placed on the prominent angles posteriorly. The seventeenth and eighteenth bristled segments — that is, the first two of this series — are, as a rule, those best marked, though the condition varies in the preserved examples. The anal funnel appears to vary considerably in regard to the number and the shape of the cirri, those with few cirri having them broad at the base and more distinctly conical, whilst in those in which the cirri approach thirty in number they are more filiform, though in one from North Unst the Gatly }fariiie LahoratovT/, St. Andrews. 105 sixteen separate cirri are filiform. The elongated cirrus is in tlie mid-ventral line. The anal cup is comparatively shallow, witii the anus often on a slight cone in the centre. In two large Ilebridsan examples the cirri of the funnel are all short and twenty-seven in number. In another large form, procured in tlie * Porcupine' off Cape Guardia, the funnel had no long cirrus, the number of cirri is thirty- seven, and the anal [)rocess is conspicuously ridged or folded. A small speciujen from St. Magnus Bay (100 fathoms) had a very long filiform mid-ventral cirrus. Occasionally the vent projects as a conical process, similar to what Arwidsson shows in his P. affinis. The hooks have a long curved shaft, tapered at its base and dilating as it passes upward to the shoulder, which forms a prominent hump posteriorly and a slight one anteiiorly. It then contracts to the neck, above which the distal region dilates, and ends in a broad heavily armed crown. The great fang leaves the throat nearly at a right angle, curves slightly downward, and ends in a sharp point. Six to seven teeth in a diminishing series occur above the latter on the crown. The interior of the shaft is striated, and the striae are continued into the neck, where they are somewhat oblique inferiorly, but longitudinal toward the crown. The gular bristles come off close to the great fang and curve forward and upward on each side of it. The anterior hooks differ from the typical forms in their shorter and less boldly curved shafts, shorter necks which are less dilated distally, in the larger angle made by the great fang and the neck, and iu their much flatter crowns, three or four teeth only being visible behind the great fang, and the gular bristles are rudimentary, passing obliquely upward close to the great fang. The first hook of the row in the third foot is even more rudimentary, as shown by the blunt tip of the large fang, the fusion and indistinctness of the teeth on the crown, and its short and nearly straight shaft. Such may, however, lie an undeveloped or developing form. The hooks of the last row (nineteenth) retain much of the typical structure, though their shafts are shorter. Five or six teeth are visible on the crown above the great fang, and the shoulder is largely developed. The bristles of this region consist of the two groups, the stronger having narrow wings, and the slender forms are i&yv in number and extremely attenuate. A large thovigh softened and fragmentary example dredged by Dr. Gwyn Jeffreys off the Hebrides in 1866 has hooks ■which differ from the foregoing not only in their great size 106 Prof. M'liitosh's Notes from the but in the presence of a distinct ridge or process for the guhir bristles. There are twcuty-seveu short cirri oii the iuunelj but no longer process, though one is double. The same condition is seen in certain forms dredged at nos. 35 and 36 and in 125 fathoms off Cape Rosier, Canada_, 1873. Further investigation ot these is necessary. A large example from the Outer Haaf, Skerries, Shetland, had the rim of the cephalic plate less developed and the antero-lateral margins slightly crenate, but otherwise it does not seem to ditler. A specimen of medium size again, from a depth of 90 fathoms off North Unst, presented a very long process for the dorsal bristles in several of the posterior segments (even to the third ironi the anal funnel), so that the foot at tirst sight a[)pearcd to iiave a short ciirus. The tubes are composed ot sand uith a lining of tough secretion. They are comparatively soft, though in small specimens from tiie Outer Haaf, Skerries, tlie minute grains of sand and shells clung tenaciously to the lining. Frag- ments ot shells and of Ditrypa tubes are attached to some from the same region. Axiothella zetlandica, the thirteenth British species, was dredged by Dr. Gwyn Jeffreys in St. Magnus Bay, Shetland, in 100 fathoms. The cephalic plate slo})es downward and is concave rather than convex, and has a remarkably wide and somewhat thin margin, and a minute central process in front, the general lorm of the surface l;eitig rounded rather than ovoid. From each side of the minute median process the broad and thin antero-laateral flaps pass backward to the notch, which is, thougli pronounced, superficial, that is, it is confined to the outer half of the flap, and its direction is slightly forward. The postero-lateral margin behind the notches is differentiated by its stria? and crenate edge. Six larger marginal crenations are divided into two, three, or four subdivisions. This margin is narrower than tlie antero- lateral and stands more or less erect, whilst the antero- lateral is procumbent. The very narrow keel arises a little behind the middle and posterior to two nearly transverse grooves which run inward from the margin, and by a slight enlargement from the anterior edge of a rounded area. It widens as it approaches the median frontal process, again contracts as it joins it, so that its outline is somewhat clavate; or, if the posterior area is considered, like the gymnastic club o o. On each side is a long, slightly narrower ridge, which ceases at the enlargement of the keel in front, but springs from the side of the keel in front of the Gatly Marine Laboratory, St. AnJreics. 107 posterior rounded area. A deep groove lies between the keel and the" lateral ridge, and anollicr less pronounced to the exterior ot it. Tlie former probal)ly represents the nuchal groove, which debouches anteriorly ou each side of tiie ujiuute Ironial process. The groove outside the ridge runs lorward in the same direction, but appears to have a less dehnite termination. The proboscis loinis u somewhat ghjbuiar groo\ed mass, with rows ot" ratlier long conical papilhe. Tlie body is, as usual, narrowed behind the anterior end, and again increases at tlie eighth segment. Anteriorly the i'eet arise nearer the anterior than the posterior border ol^ the segment, but posteriorly they are close to the posterior edge. The number of bristled segments is uncertain. 'Ihc last setigeious process and row of hooks is followed by three narrow non-bristlcd segments, bcaiiiig ludimentary honiulogues of the feet in the shape of glandular enlarge- ments, the last I'urmmg the prominent ring (Arwidsson's callus-ring) from which tlie caudal funnel projects. On the ventral surface a ridge runs Irom the first bristled seg- ment to the edge of the caudal lunnel. The body docs not diiiiinish much jjosteriorly, and has a broad circular shelf in front of the funnel, troin which the latter projects like a failed vase — that is, it has a constriction immediately above the base and then gradually dilates to the rim bearing the cirri, which, like those ot Axiolheila cutenala, are more or less alternately long and short, one of the longer occurring in the nud-vcntial fine or close to it. The grooved condition of the lunnel is a prominent feature — three cirri generally being included in each space, though a narrow one may have only two. One had forty four tiattencd cirri, of which twenty were long. The anal cone forms a rounded button at the base of the vase, witli the central (anal) aperture surrounded by minute papillae. In contrast with A. 6«/e//«/fl the anterior bristled segments are moie glandular, segments 1-8 showing glandular rings, especially anteriorly. 'Ihe bristles of this region also are mure prominent than in the other species. The hrst three bristled segments bear spines, the first ha\ing two or three, and the second and third four of the same ehaiaeter. The spines are curved at the strong tip, and the shaft is striated internally up to the tip. The spines of the third segment are longer. The fourth segnrent lias a considerable row of hooks (about twelve), with long curved shafts, a wdl-marked shoulder from which the neck dilates to the crown. Ihe great fang arises nearly at 108 Prof. ^PlntosU's j^otes from tJie a right angle to the neck and is rather long. Four teeth occur on the crown behind it, and a short tuft of gular bristles springs from the throat immediately beneath it. They do not reach the tip of the great fang. The crowns of these hooks are little elevated, and thus differ from the typical forms which those of the fifth foot more nearly resemble. The bristles form conspicuous pale yellow tufts in each foot, and one group has stout shafts, tapered tips with wings ; the other translucent, slender, and with greatly elongated hair-like tips and extremely minute serrations, the wings being slightly developed. In the middle and posterior regions of the body they are borne on long seti- gerous processes which form a feature in the outline. The typical hook, as at the eighth segment, has a remarkably high crown, and neck and shaft are nearly equal in length. The shaft dilates from the base up to the shoulder, then the neck is constricted otf and again dilates to the toothed hatchet-shaped crown, which, with its six or seven teeth, rises high above the great fang. The latter makes less than a right angle with the neck, and has a distinct indentation of the throat beneath it, opposite which, on the side of the hook or at the notch in the throat, a comparatively short tuft of gular bristles on each side slopes upward and forward instead of curving gently outward and bending round the tip of the great fang as ordinarily seen under a cover-glass. The neck is obliquely striated, and longitudinal striae occur at the upper end of the shaft. Posteriorly little change takes place in the structure of the hook, the proportions of shaft and neck being nearly the same, but in the last row the number of teeth above the crown is ereater. The tube appears to be free and to be composed of sand, minute fragments of shells, foraniinifera, and secretion. This species, in 1868, was confounded with Ajciothella catenata, Malmgren, and hence the differences between them as indicated in a former paper*. Malmgren's description and figure of A, catenata are excellent. Tl'.e fourteenth species is Axiothella catenata, Malmgren, in which the head, with the cephalic shield, is of average obliquity, that is, sloped from above downw^ard and forward, and in lateral view the centre of the plate is somewhat convex, whilst the anterior border droops a little. A small process with a rounded anterior border occurs in the middle line anteriorly — separated by a furrow on each side from the * Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. vol. xxv. p. 420. Galhj y[anne Laloratori/, St. Andrews. 109 lateral flaps of tlie rim, which extend backward to the notch. Behind tlic notch the rim in some is consi(lcral)ly less developed, forminj;; a slij^htly raised smooth marjjin which in lateral view is at a lower level. The keel varies a little in different examples, but it is generally narrow and arises almost at the posterior rim, bending (For it is curved in the middle) forward to the central median process, which is sliji;htly under the keel, and in one a little papilla occurred at the base of the process. Tlic nuchal grooves commence posteriorly almost in a line with the lateral notches, slightly approach each other in their passage forward to terminate in the furrows at the side of the central process. No eyes were observed in the preparations. The mouth opens as a transverse slit on the ventral surface a short distance behind the median frontal process, the prominent posterior lij) being marked by a regular series of longitudinal strife. The body, which extends to 1013-110 mm. and is 3-5 mm. in diameter, is distinguished by the enlarged cephalic end, the constricted anterior region, and the conspicuous and somewhat urn-shaped segments posteriorly, terminating in the characteristic funnel, with its somewhat alternate arrangement of long and short cirri. The ventral streak is in the form of a ridge which extends from a little behind the mouth to the })osterior end. The combined pro- aiul peristomial region is often reticulated after the niMnner of crocodile skin, and this condition occasionalh^ occurs dorsally on the anterior border of the first bristled segment, which bears on each side a vertically elongated tuft of bristles, and after an interval ventrally a short row of hooks. The bristles agree with those of the following segments — having long stout shafts, tapered tips, which have distinct wings, and end in slender extremities with minute spikes at the sides. These are readily seen at the end of the wings, but in the filamentous continuations are less easily noticed. The spines of the first segment are large and strong, with nearly straight striated shafts, which slightly increase to the shoulder, the neck being short and a little constricted in the middle, dilating distally in lateral view, and each has a great fang with a sinuous distal edge, the angle with the neck being greater than a right angle. Four hooks occur in lateral view behind the great fang. The neck is longi- tudinally striated at its distal end, and has a projection (in front) below the great fang, but though short strise exist on each side of the base of the fang no gular bristles are present. The same description applies to the hooks of the second and third bristled segments, the rows of which are also 110 Prof. M'lntosh's Notes from the comparatively short. The hooks of the fourth segment have shafts whicli are more distinctly curved and tapeied at the base, have lojiger necks, which are broader distally, and more distinct shoulders. The great fang comes off almost at a right angle, the distal outline is nearly a continuous curve, and three teeth are on the crown behind it. More- over, a few have short gular bristles, and no distinct enlargement occurs on the throat at the base of the main fang. The typical hook, for instance, at the eighth segment has a long curved shaft, which is tapered from the shoulder to the base, and dilates from the shoulder to the crown. The main fang has a smooth curve distally and comes off at a right angle to the neck. After a brief interval a tuft of gular bristles springs from the front edge, curves to and rises above the tip of the fang. The neck is striated obliquely, and the shaft longitudinally. The posterior hooks are somewhat smaller, but they retain the chief features above mentioned, the four teeth on the crown behind the great fang being especially distinct. From the first to the eighth the bristles and hooks are situated laterally and ventrally toward the anterior part of the segment, but in the ninth it is toward the posterior border of the segment, and the glandular elevation for the hooks is more pronounced. The posterior bristled segments, as mentioned, are somewhat urn-shaped, the narrow end being in front and the broader, with the elevated ridges for the hooks, being posterior. In the posterior segments the hooks slope to the dorsum, and their great fangs point forward. The segments from the ninth to the sixteenth are comparatively long, but the last two are shorter. I'our diminishing unarmed segments follow, each with a lateral glandular elevation, the homologue of the ridge for the hooks. The anal funnel springs from the last and its edge is fringed with a series of long and short cirri, a long one occui'ring in the mid-ventral line, and long and short alternating, but with occasional irregularity. Their number varies from twenty to thirty-eight (Canada), small examples having fewer, as a rule, than the large ; Arwidsson gives the number as twenty and thirty-four, and the long cirri as from nine to twenty-eight in the northern examples. In a large specimen from Gaspe Bay, Canada, there were forty cirri, some, however, being mere points. The cirri generally vary considerably in breadth at the base and in length, those having broad bases being fewer in number. In the centre of the funnel is the anal cone, which in contraction forms a Oaliy Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews. Ill raised button witli radiatinp^ lines. "When relaxed, however, the aperture is surrounded by about thirty pointed papillae. The tube is of sandy nmd lined by secretion and is readily broken by pressure. The fifteenth species is Pseuiloclymene rjundrilobata Sars, which was dredjjed in the Outer llaaf, Skerries, Shetland, by Dr. Gwyn Jeffreys, of whose successful labours in Zetlandie waters mention has so often been made. In this form the ce[)halic plate is distin;j;uished by the prominence of the lateral margin on each side of the small mid-frontal process, ap|)ioachiug Axiutliella in this respect, though the lobes are less and the frontal process larger. The margin, indeed, is consi)iciious all round, and in j)lace of the deep notch o( Praaillella a shallow notch and a fold occur laterally, whilst posteriorly the margin dips downward gently to a median notch, which is thus less abrupt than in P.prceter- niissa. The outline of the cephalic plate is ovoid, and the keel arises rather behind a line between the lateral notches, and passes forward as a narrow ridge to the mid-irontal process. A furrow exists on each side of it, but the nuchal grooves proper seem to be short and anterior in position, forming two curved furrows, with the convexity outwards, which anteriorly debouch on each side of the mid-froutal process. On the ventral aspect behind the latter is a dark band, but no distinct eyes are now observable. The mouth forms a transverse slit with prominent furrowed lips anteriorly and posteriorly, and radiating grooves laterally. Arwidsson desciibes the proboscis as provided with papillse. The bristles consist of stronger forms with straight shafts, tapered tips, and distinct wings, the wing running distally into a peculiar flattened region which ends in the tapered tip, but no serrations could be made out. The delicate slender forms taper to a hair-like tip, but spikes could not be seen in the preparation. The first seven segments and the anterior part of the eighth are markedly glandular, all having pi'orainent belts in front, and the ventral streak is distinct from the mouth backward. The first three segments bear sfrong spines, with curvatures of both shaft and tip, the tip of the spike of the third segment being luost distinctly hooked. The fourth has a row of hooks with long curved shafts, the great fang makes a larger angle with the neck than in the typical form, and the gular bristles seem to be rudimentary, yet the hook has much of the character of the type. The latter, as at the 112 Prof. M'lntosirs Notes from the eighth segment, is distinguished by the great breadth of the distal end of the hook, the large angle made by the great fang with the neck, tlie close application of the gular bristles to the lower border of the fansr, apparently almost springing from the basal edge of the fang itself, and the numerous and small teeth on the crown behind it, yet the crown is rounded off instead of being high. The sliaft is of moderate length, striated longitudinally, gently curved, and the slope from the slight shoulder to the neck is gradual, then the neck dilates in its progress distally and is boldly and obliquely striated. Arwidsson* has recently described from Blacksod Bay and other Irish waters a sixteenth form, viz. Casicirrus neglectus, gen. et sp. n., and he identified it with the Axiothea catenata of Cunningham and Ramage f. The anal funnel has sevea longer clrri^ with several shorter between each. The seventeenth species, Asychis biceps?, Sars, was dredged by the ' Knight Errant' in 35-37 fathoms off Castle Walker, Loch Linnhe. In this species the cephalic plate slopes downward and forward as in allied forms, but the entire border as well as its surface differs from that of its allies. Thus the frontal margin is almost the breadth of the body and is entire, and behind it ventrally is the mouth in the form of a longitu- dinal slit, from the anterior edge of which a line slopes back- ward and outward on each side. Three large serrations occur on each side between the cleft at the margin of the ventral edge and the deep lateral fissure, one of these processes occasionally being bifid. The deep furrow from the fissure proceeds as far as the first bristle-tuft. The rest of the lateral margin and the posterior edge of the cephalic plate are cut into a continuous series of small serrations about eighteen in number. In small examples there are fewer, viz. from eight to twelve. The surface of the cephalic plate has a flat ridge in the centre, but it does not reach either the anterior or the posterior border. The nuchal organ forms on each side a slightly flattened semicircle, commencing anteriorly at the cleft of the frontal plate, then curving * Op. cit. p. 217, pi. xvii, figs. 1-9, pi. xviii. figs. 10-12, and pi. xix. figs. 20-26. t Unfortunately this form has not yet been obtained for critical examination. Gatty Marine Lahoratory^ St. Andrews. 113 inward and running parallel to the median ridge, and again bending outward to the groove at the deep lateral fissure. Immediately hihitid the mouth is a Ijniad reetanguhir band of glands bounded laterally by tiie groove from the deep fissure of the cephalie phitc. Glandular tissue also aj)pears around the mouth. The next segment has a collar with a free edge in front of the bristle-tuft, a narrow ring behind eompleting the segment. Both are glandular dorsally and ventral ly. Asycliis biceps? is a large form measuring in its ineom- plete condition 110 mm. and probably exceeding 5 inches in length, and having a diameter of 3 or 4 mm. The anterior region is, however, absent or represented only by a small papilla projecting forward from the cicatrizing end of the trunk. Judging from the appearance of the s|)ecimen and the condition in other forms only a single bristled segment with the head and peri>tomial segment are absent, this making the total number of bristled segments nineteen. The anterior region has somewhat the same arrangement of the glandular tissue as in Muldane sarsi, though, of course, it is only present in the specimen from the second bristle-tuft. The second and third bristled segments have a glandular ventral surface which is continuous with a nearly complete dorsal investment. Dorsally, however, a blank occurs from the anterior border of the fourth segment, which has a thin glandular streak, backward, A thiek streak also occurs dorsally opposite the bristles of the fourth segment, but the great glandular belt from the ventral surface appears at each side dorsally in the second ring of the segment at the bristle-tuft. The first ring of this seg. ment ventrally is less thickly glandular than the second, which has a lozenge-shaped area with fewer glands in the mid-ventral line. The great (fifth) segment shows dursally the thick bifid lateral pads on each side of the bristles, whilst ventrally it has a semicircular patch in front, the thin ends being visible dorsally, and a broad and continuous belt behind. The sixth has a glandular streak dorsally between the bristle-tufts of opposite sides, and the ends of the ventral belts are seen in front and at the feet, as in the previous segment. Ventrally the anterior only exhibits a fissure, wider laterally, between it and the continuous and broad posterior belt of glandular tissue. The next (seventh) seg- ment has anteriorly the dorsal ends of the glandular area of each foot, as well as a small portion of the anterior ventral belt seen at the sides. Ventrally a somewhat semicircular glandular area lies in front, its posterior edge in the prepa- Ann. cC- Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol xi. 8 lU Prof. Srintosli's Notes from the ration being somewliat indefinite. The glandular belt at the feet is also continued from side to side. Thereafter^ as a rule, the bifid glandular areas at the feet are alone visible from the dorsum. Yentrally the belt between the feet is distinct at the eighth, ninth, and tenth, is more or less interrupted on the eleventh, twellth, thirteenth, and at the succeeding feet the glandular tissue is confined to the sides of the feet, forming prominent ovoid enlargements in each case. A median streak occurs in the raid-ventral line from end to end. The proboscis is a flattened bladder-like orgaa with papillae. In the general form of the body this species approaches that of Maldune sursi, though in the large example the last four bristled segments were more prominent and closer together. They are followed by a narrow ring and then the anal plate. The first sis bristled segments are comparatively short, whilst those following are longer, and the fourteenth and fifteenth are again somewhat shorter. The last four diminish progressively, and in the prominent and broad glandular feet agree with the figure of Maldane biceps given by Malmgren. A single narrow ring devoid of bristles follows the nineteenth bristled segment, and it has a glan- dular area at each side. The anal segment has dorsally the transversely ridged eminence for the vent, with its valve-like plug behind at the opening, a process passing oft' from this toward the median fissure of the anal cup. The latter is broader dorsally than ventrally, with an acute fissure in the mid-dorsal line and a more obtuse one in the mid-ventral line, the lateral slit at each side penetrating deeply and having a gaping opening at the bottom. The dorsal edge of the anal plate is indented by shallow notches, which, how- ever, are not quite regular, for ou the right six teeth and a flat area at the lateral fissure occur, while on the left four teeth and two flat areas are found. The ventral half of the cup shows three or four shallow indentations on each side of the mid- ventral notch. Between the dorsal and the ventral notches is a median line, but no ridge. The anal plate presents therefore small difl'erences from the descriptions of Malmgren and Arwidsson, but these would appear to be due chiefly to the more distinctly marked notches on the border. A dimple occurs at the base of the caudal plate behind a slight ring, which on this surface is between the first non- bristled segment and the caudal rim. The segmental organs, according to Arwidsson, occur from the seventh and ninth segment. Gatty Marine Lahoratorij^ St. Andrews. 115 The anterior bristles are for the most part al)sent in the example, hut, so far as ol)served, they ajjree with the descrip- tions of Malmgren and Arwidssoiij viz. those with broader and shorter wings and a curved tip, and those with narrower wings and longer tips. The posterior bristles have much elongated slender tips, with opposite spikes. The same kind of bristle occurs in the posterior third, each bristle having a well-marked curve and the tip forming a very long, delicate, serrated hair. The hooks of this form appear to be longer than those figured by Arwidsson ; indeed, if his figure (Taf. x. fig. 34')) is perfectly typical for Asychis biceps, then doubt remains as to the specific identity of the British s[)ecimen. The example from the 'Knight Errant' differs in having the spikes on the crown less elevated above a line passing from the lower border of the great fang backward, and thus the hook has a different character in that region. The same difference from Malmgren's figure is observed. The smaller teeth on the crown appear to pass on each side of the base of the great fang ; at any rate raised striae are there. The opaque strife running from the crown along the neck to the shaft are much more strongly developed than in the hook shown by Arwidsson. The curvature above the capillary bristles of the throat differs, the neck itself is proportionally longer, and the outlines of the neck to the shoulder are not in agree- ment. The great length and curvature of the shaft is not fully indicated by either author, so that this point remains uncertain. The tube is a massive structure of grey mud 7-8 mm. iu diameter, and at one end tapered to a blunt point which is closed. The interior, which has a diameter of 4 mm., is smooth, being lined by a somewhat firm membrane secreted by the glands. Arwidsson gives in detail the number of the hooks in each segment, the chief feature being that they appear to increase with size and probably age. 3. On the Maldanidse dredged in the ' Porcupine ' Expeditions of 1869 and 1870. In the Expedition of 1870 Praxillella pratermissa was procured at various stations, e. g. off Cape Guardia. This species was also procured in 1869 in 358 fathoms at Station no. 8, and at Station 17 a, 9 miles off Cape Fiuisterre, iu 795 fathoms. Praxillella gracilis, Sars, occurred iu 81 fathoms off Cape IIG Prof. M'Intosli's Notes from the Finisterre ; Isocirrus D off Cape Guardia ; a fragmentary Leiochone near B in 795 fathoms at Station 17 « ; and Pseudoclyniene I in 25 fathoms in Bono Bay. Ehlers ^ mentions a fra^^ment of a ]Maldane, Praxilla mvUeri, Sars, and Praxilla nigrita, sp. n., as occurring in this Expedition. The latter form appears to be allied to Leiochone, but the figures of the hooks are indefinite, and one of the bristles of the posterior feet differs from most forms in so far as the spikes on the terminal region point backward. The first of these is a fragmentary Praxillura ? (A), dredged in the Expedition of 1870 at Station 8, lat. 48° 13' N. and long. 9° 11' W., at a depth of 257 fathoms on the Channel slope in the midst of a northern fauna. The cephalic region of this small form is abruptly trun- cated, the frontal edge being produced into a flattened and somewhat spathulate snout with a rounded anterior border. A slight keel occurs on the truncated surface. The anterior end is flexed in the example, and behind the mouth is a deep furrow. The body is long, slender, and apparently brightly coloured in life, and terminates posteriorly in a somewhat tapered tail which ends in a blunt cone with the anus dorsal. About three or four unarmed segments occur posteriorly. So far as could be observed, only three segments anteriorly bear hooks and bristles, the third pair of hooks being remarkably strong for a form so slender. The typical hook (PI. II. fig. 1) is minute, with a mode- rately long curved shaft, a marked shoulder, proportionally large great fang which makes rather less than a right angle with the neck, a single gular bristle which arises after an interval from the throat, and four teeth on the rather elevated crown. The line between the base of the great fang and the origin of the gular bristle is incurved, and the neck has a considerable inclination backward from the shaft. The bristles consist of stouter winged forms with tapering tips and more slender bristles Avith hair-like tips. So far as could be seen, both had smooth edges. The tube consisted of secretion with grains of sand and minute fragments of shells. Praxillella pratermissa, var. ? A form dredged in the ' Porcupine ' Expedition of 1870 in 25 fathoms in Bono Bay differs irom the ordinary type in its smaller size and in the shape of the anal funnel. It is in a tube of sand-grains loosely connected to a central lining of * Zeitschr. f. wis.*?. Zool. Rd. xxv. p. 68, Taf. iv. figs. 12-17. Gaily Marine Lahuralonj^ Si. Audreios. ] ] 7 secretion. The anterior region is alj.sent. The anal funnel rises abruptly i'roiu a l}road ring at the base find presents a series of long eirri seven in number, alternating with two or three shorter ones, the lai'gest and broadest (so that it is .strap-shaped) being mid-ventral. Another peculiarity is the presence to the lelt ot the segment next the tunnel of a short, lateral and j)roportionally thick cirrus, whilst on the right are two shorter processes, one opposite the former and another a little behind it somewhat longer. The latter separated during the examination. Another fragmentary form liad no lateral cirri in front of the funnel, which had a shorter strap-shaped mid-ventral cirrus and about the same number of longer cirri alternating with the shorter. So far as could be observed, the bristles (PL II. fig. 2) agreed with those of P. pratermissa in being smooth. The hooks, though smaller, are similar to those of the common s^jccies, with a high crown of six teeth above the great fang and a gular tuft of bristles close beneath. Two fragments, viz. a funnel and a segment of a form — apparently a Euclymtne (A) — or forms unknown, were dredged in the ' Porcupine ' Expedition of 1869 in 370 fathoms in muddy sand oft" Ireland. The funnel, which may belong to a (liferent form from the other fragment, has thirty-four cirri, that opposite the vertical ridge being about douljle the length of the others. All are conical flattened cirri. The rim is only slightly wider than the base, and no constriction occurs in the middle. The basal rim from which the funnel arises is sloped, and a single unarmed segment is attached to it. The sepai-ate segment has bristles and hooks. The latter (PI. II. fig. 3j have moderately long curved shafts, increasing in diameter from the base to the shoulder, then narrowing at the neck, which increases in breadth distally, and with a somewhat high crown which has six teeth behind the great ifang. The latter makes less than a right angle with the neck, and a curved gap (concavity) with a slight eminence exists between it and the origin of tlie gular bristles, much less, however, than in the hook of Isocirrus D. The bristles are strong and straight, with tapered tips and narrow wings. Beyond the wings in some is a flattened region, ending in the delicately tapered tip. The more slender forms do not show traces of wings. Heterodymene ? AB. A beautifully formed anal funnel, with only a fragment 118 Prof. M'Intosh's Notes from the without bristles, was dreclp;ed in 100 fathoms, 30 miles west of Cape Monday, in the 'Porcupine' Expedition of ISrO. It is comparatively large, measuiing 4'5 mm. in diameter. Viewed laterally it resembles an elegant urn in miniature, with the ventral ridge passing up to its edge and to the longest and largest cirrus. The free edge is neatly cut into minute, rigid, conical cirri, except in the case of three which are subulate and longer. Two of these are symmetrically placed, four short cirri separating each from the long ventral cirrus, whilst on the right five short cirri separate the odd long cirrus from that adjoining. The total number of cirri is fifty-nine, and ot these, as indicated, only four are long. The distal cavity is shallow, a fine series of grooves radiating from the central anus to the spaces between the cirri. The ring from which the funnel arises is rounded and only moderately prominent, whilst externally the wall of the funnel is quite smooth. Maldane sarsi ? A minute form in a tube of secretion coated with fine sand w^as dredged in Bono Bay by the ' Porcupine ' in 1870, In external appearance, viz. in the slope and structure of the cephalic plate and in the truncated and notched anal plate, it closely resembles M. sarsi, though perhaps the latter (anal plate) is more circular. The hooks also appear to correspond, having in lateral view two teeth behind the great fang and indications of a third. A fragmentary form near Asijchis'?, dredged in the ' Porcu- pine'* Expedition of 1870, 9 miles off Cape Finisterre, in 81 fathoms. Two segments from the middle (?) region of a large species having thin body-walls. Each segment measures about 16 mm. in length and fully 4 mm. in diameter, with the feet at the posterior border. The bristles are (1) strong golden forms with straight shafts and tapered tips with wings, and (2) translucent slender forms with opposite spikes. The hooks are large, with long, curved, striated shafts, a well-m.arked shoulder, and rather long necks, which are constricted at the commencement, dilate in the middle, and again are somewhat narrowed in the throat. Viewed antero-posteriorly the neck is fusiform. The strong and sharp great fang leaves the neck at a little less than a right angle, and a long straight edge occurs between its base and the anterior projection of the neck from which the gular bristles arise. These are powerful fibres which curve upward and over the tip of the great Gatty Marine Lahoratorijy ISt. Andrews. 110 fang. The long straight gap at the throat differs from the condition in Asi/chis biceps, and so with the general structure of tlie hook. The iieciv is ohhiiuely striated. Tlie intestine is distended with grey mud, which shows through tlie traus- iueeut body-wall. 4. On the Maldauidte dredyed in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada, by Dr. JFhiteaves: Besides the species specially mentioned hereafter, Praxil- lella pnetermissa was pro.cured off Pugwash, Nova Scotia, No. 59, 1873 ; iu 125 fathoms off" Cape Rosier, and at Stations 35 aud 36 ; at No. 28 ; in Gaspe 13ay iu 30 fathoms, at Stations A", 37, and 42, 1873. Praxillella (jracilis occurred in Gaspe Bay, 30 fathoms, and at Stations 35-30 and 40, 9 miles off Souris Head, Trince Edward island. A form closely allied to Ajciothella cateauta comes from 100-212 fathoms off" Anticosti (1871) ; A, No. 6, 1872, 30 fathoms iu Gaspe Bay; and Nos. 37-12, 1873. Nicomache (?) canadensis. Dredged off" Port Hood, Cape Breton, aud other parts of the Gulf of St. Lawrence by Dr. Whiteaves iu 1873, at a depth of 175 fathoms. The anterior end (PI. II. fig. 4) of this large form is obliquely truncated and marked by a prominent ridge like a nose in lateral view, aud this roughly distinguishes it at first sight from the large northern examples of Nicomache lumbri- caiis. When seen antero-posteriorly the cephalic ridge starts posteriorly from a transverse furrow, narrows a little as it passes downward and forward to terminate in the pre-oral arch of the snout. The nuchal groove on each side begins a little in front of the posterior end of the ridge, keeps closely to its edge, aud turns rather abruptly outward, and becomes lost on the surface. The curve is quite different therefore from that of N. lumbricalis from Finmark or other northern area, aud besides the fiatness of the slight elevation between them in the northern form is diagnostic (PI. II. fig. 8), for iu the latter the curve is bold aud rounded, as it also is in Nicomache muculata. The mouth (PI. 11. fig. 5) opens just behind the posterior border of the snout as a puckered orifice with a transverse line posteriorly, and having a wrinkled area between the latter and the depressed groove bounding the peristomium posteriorly. 120 Prof. M'lntosh's Notes from the The body is one o£ the largest in the group, measuring about 250mm., broader in front, nearly cylindrical throughout the greater part of its extent, and only tapering a little toward the posterior end. In spirit the peristomium is marked by transverse wrinkles, the most posterior of ■ohich pass to the ventral surface and form a depressed band or groove a slioi't distance behind the mouth. On the ventral surface a deep groove commences behind the transverse line just indicated, and is continued to the posterior end, where it ceases at the terminal cup. This groove is bounded by the rounded and prominent elevations of the ventral longi- tudinal muscles, Avhich are likewise marked off on each side dorsally by a longitudinal groove, which is a continuation of the depression running backward from the median cephalic region. The hrst three segments bear simple bristles which form a short vertical tuft above and slightly in front of the simple spines in these segments. The spines (PI. III. fig. 9) are ])owerful, simple, and nearly straight structures, and usually occur singly, though two may be found in the middle segment, whilst in another example the first and second on one side may be double, the rest single. The tips of the spines ai'e often truncated from abrasion, as in the figure. These three segments are differentiated by the fact that the anterior edge ensheaths that in front, tliough this condition is rudimentary in the first. A glandular area surrounds the bristle-tuft and spine (the representatives of the foot), and they lie in the middle of each segment. The fourth bristled segment is about the same length as the foregoing, and its glandular anterior edge likewise ensheaths the segment in front. It presents a dorsal bristle- tuft in the line of the lateral groove and the spines in front, and a prominent crescentic pad bearing hooks which have long, slightly curvedj and striated shafts gently tapering from the shoulder to the base, whilst the posterior edge or neck above tlie shoulder is concave and the anterior slightly convex, the throat being devoid of hairs. The great fang leaves the neck at more than a right angle, and two curved teeth occur on the crown, Avhich has below it a posterior convexity boldly striated internally. When viewed antero-posteriorly the distal part is narrowed above the shoulder, slightly increases in diameter at the striated region beyond, whilst the crown beyond the main fang is a short blunt cone. The axis is straight in such a view. These bristles and hooks occur a little in front of the middle of the segment, the lower border of the unciuigerous row touching the ventral edge. The fifth bristled segment is somewhat longer than the fourth. Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews. 121 and it3 glandular anterior edge enshcatlis the latter. The foot has moved forward so as to be eoiisiderably in front of the middle of the segment, and whilst the bristle-tuft remains in the lateral groove, the uncinigerous i)ad has so increased in size that one half lies on the ventral surface. The sixth bristled segment is fully a third longer than that in front, and the foot has moved forward, lying immediately behind the white glandular belt, which partly enshcatlis the i)receding segment. The bristle-tuit retains the same position, but the uncinigerous pad stretches furtJter inward on the ventral surface, the inner edges tlius being nearer. The hooks (PI. III. fig. G) in these offer no note- worthy point of distinction from those of the fourth bristled segment. Posteriorly tliis segment is not distinguished from its successor by a glandular belt and collar, t'q^e foot with its bristle-tuft and uncinigerous pad alone indicating the segment, and the transverse elongation of the hcjok-pads has brought their inner edges still closer. The hook-pad, moreover, forms a more elevated ridge, so that the armature boldly projects, and the succeeding feet show similar features, though the hook-ridges gradually come nearer each other in the mid-ventral line as they attain full development. The specimens available for minute description were incomplete, so that the exact number of bristled segments is uncertain, but it probably is twenty-two or twenty-three. The last two present a slight chauge, in so far as the bristle-tuft is above the lateral groove, the hook-ridges are less elevated and shorter, and have a larger median interval, the last being separated by a larger interval than its predecessor. In these the median ventral groove shows an opacjue white line, which can be traced backward to the edge of the anal funnel. The articulation between these short segments differs, for dorsally a lozenge-shaped area at the junction is occupied by a trans- versely ringed belt, which is continued ventrally. Tnese segments are followed by two narrow unarmed rings without the dorsal groove present in the two preceding segments, but with a shallow lateral groove on each side, and the opaque mid-ventral line. A constriction separates the base of the funnel from the preceding, the opaque ventral line j)assing into the groove aud along the funnel to terminate at the mid-fissure of the two ventral cirri. The ventral outline of the cup is slightly longer than the dorsal and forms a less angle with the axis of the body. Each cirrus forms a low cone with a terminal process or papilla, and there are fifteen of nearly equal size. On the inner or posterior surface each is separated from its neighbour by a line which converges to 122 Prof. M'lutosh's Xotes from the the central aims at the bottom of the funnel, the aperture being thus surrounded by a regular series of folds. The gut was filled with the reddish mud amongst which the animal dwells, and the massive tube was formed of the same material with secretion. The tubes are massive, like those of Maldane sarsi, and composed of mud lined by secretion. A fragmentary Isocirrus? which was dredged by Dr. Whiteaves in 1872, in 125 fathoms off Capa Rosier, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada, appears to agree with the Isocirrus D in the structure of the hooks. The presence of the anterior end, however, shows certain differences which call for remark. The anterior end is characterized by its obliquity, the cephalic plate commencing far back dorsally, and sloping gently to the median frontal process, which is short and broad. The rim is not much developed, and instead of a notch has a lateral fold behind, which the unbroken margin has a tendency to fold inward on the plate. Nearly opposite the lateral incurvation of the rim a furrow passes transversely inward to the keel, which is chiefly developed in front of it, though there is a trace behind it. The keel dilates a little behind the mid-frontal process which it joins. The nuchal grooves pass forward by the sides of the keel, and debouch at each side of the mid-frontal process. The surface of the cephalic plate behind the transverse furrows is marked by transverse lines. The mouth is partially open as an ovoid area, having in the centre two lateral processes of the proboscis with a longitudinal slit between them. The first segment is short, though a tuft of bristles of the two kinds is present, but no spine could be seen on either side. The second foot bears a short row of hooks which agree with the typical form, except that the gular bristles seem to be absent. The third and fourth also has well- developed hooks and bristles. The intestine of this form contained fine greyish mud in which were diatoms, radio- larians, and othej- debris. A form (^Praxillella collaris, Claparede) dredged oif Orphan Bank, Gulf of St. Lawrence, in 1873, differs from Praxillella prcetermissa in the structure of the cephalic plate. Thus the central anterior process is thicker and more rounded than in the species mentioned ; the rim between it and the lateral notch is more prominent in comparison M'ith the posterior border, which, moreover, is crenate and has no median notch. The crenations are bioad and blunt in Galty Marine Laboratory^ St. Anilreios. 12'S some, narrower in others. Tlie median keel whieh runs backward from the central process h, perhaps, scarcely so long as in P. prfetcnnisnu, but the nuchal grooves are deeper and they run forward to the edge on each side of the median process. No trace of eyes is present. The proboscis forms a smooth ovoid mass in extrusion, and, so far as could be observed, is devoid of papillie. The body, which in the examples seemed to reach about 40 mm., somewhat resembles that of P. praierinissa, yet it is easily distinguished by the presence of a distinct collar at the fourth bristled segment, whieh ensheaths the posterior part of the third segment. It has a shallow notch on the median line dorsally, or occasionally a similar notch appears in the mid-ventral line. The number of segments is nineteen, and tlie last five bristle-bearing se.i;ments are somewhat urn- shaped, the dilated posterior end of each — Irorn the elevations for the rows of hooks — corresponding to the lip of the urn. Tlie median ventral streak is elevated as a ridge, which pro- jects as a low cone at the border of the cicatrix formed after rupture. The two terminal segments are devoid of bristles, the anal funnel projecting like a vase fi'om the promment ]im of the adjoining segment at its base. The number of the cirri on the edge varies a little, twenty to twenty-one or thereabout ; in the former case one being double. The cirri or processes of the rim are of moderate length and have the shape of elongated blunt cones, one occasionally being shorter than the others, or a broad one is bitid at the tip. Keproduction of the tail readily occurs, the terminal funnel being well formed, though small, at an early stage. its cirri increase in number as it develops. The bristles are similar to those of P. pratermissa, viz., a group of stronger forms with tapered tips and distinct wings and a group of more delicate bristles with only a trace of wings. No barbs occur on the tips of either. The hooks of the first bristled segment (PI. 111. fig. 7) are distinguished by their great length and comparatively slight curvature. The shoulder is fairly marked and the neck short. Tiie great fang is largely developed and stands straight out, and the teeth on the crown behind form a flattened surface so ditterent from the posterior hooks. Those of the second segment have a similarly Hatteued crown (four or five teeth), but the shafts are somewhat shorter. In both the hooks are few in number. In the fourth bristled segment the crown of the hook is higher, three or four prominent teeth being visible, whilst the great fang is curved down- ward at less than a right angle. The shoulder is better marked, and the shaft shorter and more distiuctly curved. 121 Tiof. M'lutosli's Notes from the In the middle segments the shaft and the crown of the hook are about equal in length, the former increasing from the narrow base to the broad shoulder, beyond which it is very markedly constricted (PI. III. fig. 8). 'it then curves forward and again backward — dilating in its progress to the crown, which is very high and has five distinct teeth above the great fang, which curves downward at considerably less than a right angle to the neck. So far as could be observed, no gular bristles occur in this species. The neck has oblique striae internally, and longitudinal stride are in the upper region of the shaft. In the posterior segments the crowns of the hooks are perhaps a little less elevated, but four or five teeth are still visible. The tube is free, composed of secretion coated with reddish mud. This form differs from Praxillella afnnis, Sars, in the rim of the cephalic plate, which in the latter is " nach hinten zu fast geschieden,^-' whilst in both the nuchal organ is long. Eyes are present in Sars^s species, absent in this. The pro- boscis is smooth, whereas in P. affinis it has papillae. The number of bristled segments, of unarmed caudal segments, absence of gular bristles in the hooks, and the structure of the bristles also diverge. Claparede (1868) describes his Praxilla collaris as having a cephalic lobe with a large " collar/' by which he means the rim, the anterior end of the ridge projecting far forward like a conical prow. The vascular rmgs extend from the fifth to the ninth segment. The hooks of the first three segments differ from the others. There is nothing in this to connect it with the present form, except that he says the fifth segment is shorter than those in front and behind, but it is also larger. It bears two vascular bands (ceintures). He says nothing about eusheatliing, nor does his figure show this. No species of the family is more abundant in the Gulf of St. Lawrence than Maldane sars'i, Malmgren, which swarms in the greyish mud of Gaspe Bay, and on similar ground in 125 fathoms off Cape Rosier. In regard to size, moreover, some of the examples exceed any of those mentioned by Arwidsson in his excellent treatise on the Scandinavian and Arctic forms. Thus one from Station 9, 1873, is over 90 mm. in length, and yet a portion of the anterior end and the cephalic plate are absent. The cephalic plate is very uniform in structure throughout the series, and corresponds with Arwidsson's figures *, the * Skandin. u. arktischen Maldan. Taf. vi. fios. 194 & 197. Gatljj }[ai'ine LaJioratory, St. Andrews. 125 general form beinp; soniewliat ovoid, with the ))osterior edge more rounded and elevated into a collar, which curves in- ward at the notch on the border about a third forward. Bending outward from the front of the notch it passes for- waid, then flattens outward as it approaches the nuchal organs, tlie furrow from each of which runs to a slight notch in the margin, the thin plate being continued forward in the median line as a bluntly conical process above the mouth. A little within (i. e., in front of the collar posteriorly) a prominent median ridge, with a converging oblique muscle on each side, curves upward and passes forward to the thin conical anterior plate, upon which it is lost. In some the ridge is distinctly notched in lateral view. On each side of its base anteriorly are the nuchal grooves, a line from which passes to the notch on the margin. In the majority of specimens slight grooves, which run obli([uely forward and outward from the median ridge, give a resemblance to a leaf with its midrib and veins. The mouth opens a short distance behind, the anterior border of the cephalic plate, and appears as a puckered dimple, often with a groove in front in ordinary preparations, which often have the snout bent at an angle to the trunk, the mouth being thus carried outward. The peristoraial segment is covered dorsally by the cephalic plate and is thus pushed ventrally. It bears no bristles or hooks. The body is continued behind the cephalic plate as a more or less cylindrical region, though much depends on its pre- paration. Thus some removed from their tubes are quite cylindrical, whilst others, killed in the free condition, show numerous segmental contractions and dilatations. Slight diminution occurs just in front of the caudal disc when viewed from above downward, but, on the other hand, a distinct dorsal increase, terminating at the vent, is evident in lateral view. The dorsum is generally convex throughout, but the ventral surface is more or less flattened, especially after the anterior fifth, where it is*ringed and marked by a median line (nerve-cord), which toward the terminal fourth is sunk in a groove, rising, however, toward the caudal plate. The aniis terminates dorsally at the end of a ridge, and the margin is slightly crenate. Moreover, a separate papilla just in front of the caudal plate aids in its closure. Occasionally a prolapse of the gut occurs as a flask-shaped hernia, with the narrow neck at the vent. In this the circular and longitudinal fibres of the gut, as well as a thin ehitinous layer, are conspicuous. The caudal plate is slightly oblique with regard to the axis of the body, sloping from 126 Prof. M'Intosli's Notes from the above slightly down^vard and forward. In large specimens the most conspicuous rim is the ventral, which forms a collar as far upward as the median notch on each side, above which is a smooth edge, and then the ventral edge is marked by about six crenations. Each of these is com- paratively broad, with a dimple or depression in the middle of the free edge. They are best seen in large examples. It continues upward as a slightly oblique collar, which has a tendency to be flattened out at the dorsal edge, where it is also somewhat narrowed, tiiough in a large example this is not evident. The general shape is ovoid with a tendency to a somewhat narrower dorsal end. A slight median rid^e occurs from the dorsal to the ventral edge, stopping short of the collar in each case. The peristoraial segment has no feature of note except the presence of a lateral furrow on each side, from the notch on the cephalic plate. Tiiis groove passes backward to the sixth bristle-series running above the glandular elevations and hook-rows; and in some it maybe traced a little further backward. The first bristle-bearing segment, like those adjoining, is shorter than those in the centre of the body and more deeply pigmented. Moreover, as Arwidsson has shown, it is largely supplied with glands, and also has non-glandular streaks. The bristles occur as a tuft on each side, and have fairly stout shafts with a short wing distally on the tapering tip (PI. III. fig. 1), which is comparatively short and peculiarly curved. This and the next five segments are shorter than those in the middle of the body. The following segment has a bristle-tuft and an elevated pad or ridge with a short row of hooks, the elevation meeting its fellow of the opposite side in the mid-ventral line. In large examples, however, this ridge is less evident, the whole ventral area being glandular, and the same occurs with the third and fourth segments, the rows in these having a gradually increasing number of hooks. The fifth and the sixth segments likewise "liave a thick glandular coating ventrally and ventro-laterally, the long row of hooks and the bristle-tuft in each l)eing at the dorso-lateral edge. A differentiated glandular area lies between the sixth and seventh setigerous regions, the ventral surface being glandu- lar as before. At the eighth the glandular area stretches from the setigerous region of one side to the other, and thus characterizes it, for the eighth segment has only a small triangular patch in front, the ventral surface being devoid of glands until the ninth setigerous area, which is glandular ventrally and laterally up to the bristle-tuft. In the lateral Gatty MV6? by Canon Norman in Norivay. The widely distributed Prnxillella prcetermissai Malmgren, occurred at various stations, e.g. 38; a fragment of Prax- illella gracilis, Sars, was also met with in Long Fjord, East Finmark. Nicomaclie lumbricalis, O. F. M., came wuth frag- ments of Axiotliella from 301 and other stations ; Pseudo- clymene quadrilobata from Nos. 40.2 & 466 ; and Asychis biceps from Station 44, 3 879. * Schwedischen Siidpol.-Exped. 1901-3, Bd. vi. 6, p. 32. Gatiy Marine Laboratory^ St. Andrews. 129 Heterochjmene robusia?, Arwidsson. A fraccment of the posterior end -with the funnel was drcdj^ed in Norway in 1879, Stations 33 & 31'. The anterior end of this form somewhat resembles Prfhvillella, but the median frontal process is less. Two lateral notches and a median posterior notch occur in the border of the cephalic plate. Tiiere are nineteen bristled segments and five unarmed posterior segments. The funnel has a large number of cirri, most being conical and short, but others long. In a series Arwidsson gives from thirty short and seven long to fifty short and five long, the latter, however, sometimes reaching ten or twelve. In the present case there are a total of thirty -five short and seven long. The stout bristles have very narrow wings, and the tapered tips are spinous. The more slender — which Arwidsson seems to call tlie i)osterior ("-hinterin ") — are still more distinctly spinous. Tiie hooks have curved shafts (PL III. fig. 5), boldly marked shoulders, and rather long necks, the strong great fang making nearly a right angle with the neck, and a small interval occurring between its base and the gular bristles. The moderately high crown has six to eight teeth — Arwidsson says even ten. From Norway also comes a dried form somewhat re- sembling Axiothella, but the anal fuunel appears to differ, resembling rather that of Heteroclymene, having a large number (about fifty-two) of small conical teeth, with about eight longer cirri at intervals. Moreover, the funnel is finely grooved internally. The hooks have a high crown with eight or nine teeth above the great fang, and the gular bristles arise close to the base of the latter and curve boldly forward and upward. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES *. Plate IT. Fiy. 1. Hook of Praxillella A, Station 8. 'Porcupine.' x Zeiss oc. 4, obj. D, with 2 in. draw-tube. Fiy. 2. Bristle of Praxillella near preetermissa, Bono Bay. X oc. 4, obj. D. Fiy. 3. Hook oi Euclymene A, of! Ireland, x oc. 4, obj. D. Fiy. 4. Lateral view of the anterior end of Nicomaclie {?) canadensis. Somewhat enlarged. Fiy, o. Ventral aspect of the snout showing the mouth. Somewhat eularged. * I am indebted to the Carnegie Trust for artistic aid with these Plates. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xi. 9 130 Mr. 0. Thomas on some Fig. 6. Funnel of the foregoing -viewed laterally. Fig. 7. Internal aspect of the same. Enlarged under a lens. Fig. 8. Lateral aspect of the anterior end of Nicomache lumbricalis from the ' Valorous ' Expedition to Greenland in 1875. Fig. 9. Anterior end of PrcLvillella gracilis, with protruded proboscis, from Canada. Enlarged. Plate III. Fig. 1. Bristle of the first foot of MaMane sarsi. X Zeiss oc. 2, obj. D. Fig. 2, Winged bristle of the second foot with peculiar curvature. X Zeiss oc. 4, obj. D. Fig. 3. Spiked bristle of the same annelid. X Zeiss oc. 2, obj. D, with draw-tube. Fig. 4. Hook of the foregoing. X Zeiss oc. 2, obj. D. Fig. o. Hook of Hetei-odipnene robiista. Norway. X Zeiss oc. 4, obj.D. Fig. 6. Hook of Xicomaihe ? canadensis. X Zeiss oc. 2, obj. A. Fig. 7. Hook of the first bristled segment of Praxillella coUaris. X Zeiss oc. 2, obj. D, with draw-tube. Fig. 8. Typical hook of the foregoing (no gular bristles). X Zeiss oc. 4, obj. D. with draw-tube. Fig. 9. Spine from the third segment of Nicomache ? canadensis. X about .30 diam. Fig. 10. Bristle from the second foot of the same form, x Zeiss oc. 4, obj. D. YITI. — On some rare Amazonian Mammnh from the Collection of the Para Museum. By Oldfield Thomas. (Puhlished bj- permission of the Trustees of the British Museum,) By tlie kindness of the authorities of the Para Museum I have aoain been permitted to examine some rare mammals which have come into the possession of that institution either from their collectors or from the Para Zoological Gardens, which are kept in conjunction with the Museum. Notable among these latter is the truly remarkable form, intermediate between the monkeys and marmosets, described as CalUmico snethlageri by Ribeiro, and referred to below under the heading of CalUmico goeldii. The new genus of bats — Cyttarops — is also a most inter, esting discovery. 1. Callicehus remulus, Thos. ^ ^ . 1. Cussary, south bank of Amazon between mouths of Xingu and Tapajoz. Coll. 0. Martins. rare Amazonian Jfainmals. I'M c? . 12. Tamuciirj, same region, 2 houis distant by canoe. 0. remulus was described in 1908 on a specimen from tSantarem preseTited in 1870 by ^Ir. Wickiiam. The present exact record ot" the occurrence of tlie species is of value, as iSantarem might liave been merely the place to which the type had been brought from elsewhere. Now, however, it is clear that the species occupies the area between the Amazon, Xingu, and Tap;ijoz, at the north-western corner of which Santarem is situated. The new specimens agree with the type in all essential respects. 2. Callimico goeldii, Thos. ? . Para Zoological Gardens. Type of Callimico sneth- la(/eri, Kibeiro. In the ' Brasiliauische Rundschau' for December 1911, p. 21, Dr. A. de Miranda liibeiro, of Rio Janeiro, described a new genus and species of monkey, Callimico snethlageri^ whicii lie stated to be " intermediate between Callicehus and Mico,''^ on a specimen then living in the Para Zoological Gardens. This specimen has since died and has been sent over for examination. At the first glance it is evident that, as to the species, it is identical with my " Midas goeldii ^^ described in 1904- * on a specimen which had also been kept alive in the Para Gardens, but of which the skull had unfortunately been mislaid, my reference of the species to the genus Midas being avowedly provisional. Dr. Ribeiro formed his genus Callimico purely on the external characters, which, wliatever they may have appeared on the living animal, are by no means very striking on the skin ; and it has therefore been with much interest that I have examined the skull of the present specimen. This proves to be of extraordinary interest, for it seems to show that Callimico is really intermediate between the two great Neotropical families Cebidee and Callitrichidas, as suggested by Dr. Ribeiro. Externally the animal is like a marmoset, having similarly long, curved, compressed claws and doubtfully opposable pollex. It should, however, be noticed that the "na.is'' of many Cebidae, notably of Saimiri, are as compressed as in the marmosets, the only difference being in their length. On the other hand, the skull is provided with six cheek- ♦ Ann. tui^us ; (2) the original type of Cor- mura hrevirostrisy unfortunately now without skull; and (3) the specimen from Baraneiva, Matto Grosso, referred by Miller also to his Myropteryx j^uUus. Although the loss of the skull of the type of Cormura hrevirostris makes it impossible to be absolutely certain in the matter, 1 have come to the conclusion that, at least for the present, these various specimens should all be referred to a single form. Miller's chief reason for distinguishing Myropteryx was its * P. Biol. Soc. Wash. xix. p. 59 (lUOi)). 134 Mr. 0. Thomas on some asserted want of a hypocone to the molars ; but although the hypocone is low it appears to me fully as much developed as it is in many specimens of Peropteryx, or, if it is smaller, the difference is only in degree and not in kind. Perhaps Mr. Miller's examination was made before the skulls were as completely cleaned as is now the case. The onlv difference between AT t/ropteryx and Cormura that might result in the resuscitation of the former is in the shape of the posterior palate, a point in which none of the specimens I have seen really agree W'ith Peters's plate of Cormura. But the slightest damage to the most delicate part of the tiny skull, or even insufficient cleaning and consequent inexact drawing *, might have resulted in such a figure as is published by Peters, and I am therefore not prepared to consider this point as of sufficient importance to counterbalance the other evidences of identity. A specimen of this same bat was obtained on the Rio Inambari, Peru, by the late P. O. Simons, and two others at Para by A. Robert. While all the adult specimens of this bat have no basi- sphenoid septum, as figured by Peters, it is worthy of remark that the immature example received from Berlin has a well- marked septum. Whether this is due to youth or is an individual abnormality I am not at present able to say. 5. Cyttarops alecto, gen. et sp. nn. ^ . 10. Mocajatuba, near Para, lOtb May, 1912. Coll. F. Lima. P.M. no. 12. 11. 4. 5. Type. " Caught in garden." Cyttarops, gen. nov. [EmhaUonuridce — DicUdurince.) Colour normal. Tail without terminal modification, its tip just projecting on the upper surface of tlie interfemoral. JSkuil not so highly modified as in Diclidurus, the muzzle not bent upwards ; a frontal cup present, but its boundaries and the junction of its fiioor and walls less sharply angular. Slender postorbital processes present. Palate ending o})posite last molar. Basisplienoid pit barely defined, practically con- tinuous with roof of mesopterj'goid fossa, not divided by a mesial septum. Tibia grooved on plantar aspect, as in Diclidurus. Dentition practically as in Diclidurus. Canines without, but incisors with, a supplementary terminal posterior cusp. * Possibly worked up from a specimen of Peropteryx. rare Amazonian Mammals. 135 Posterior lower premolar * contracted antero-posteriorly, the two premolars crushed between the canine and first molar. Type :— Cyttarops alecto, sp. n. General appearance that of a medium-sized Saccopteryx or Peropiery.r. Fur rather long, thin and loose; hairs of back about 6 mm. in length. Colour above and below uniform dull smoky grey, a little browner than Kidgway's "mouse-grey"; the bases of the hairs inconspicuou.sly paler than the tips on the fore- back, darker on tlie hind-back. Membranes naked, except that the median proxinnil portion of the intcrfemorul is more or less hiii'.y. Kars of medium length, broadly rounded, a hair-covered ridge ruiuiing up the thin anterior surface to the tip, cutting off their anterior third ; front edge strongly convex, tip rounded, outer margin convex. Tragus very remarkable in shape, its inner edge of medium length, straight, inner terminal corner angular, outer rounded; lower half of outer margin occupied by a proportionally enormous angular lobe, no i«uch lobe being known in any other bat, the most similar being that on the inner side of the tragus in Meyiiderma. Wings to the outer side of the tarsus. Calcar long, without postcalcareal lobule. •Skull and teeth as defined above. Dimensions of the type (the starred measurements taken in the tlesli by the collector) : — Forearm 46 mm. Head and budy *50 ; tail *20 ; hind foot *8 ; ear 10; tragu> on inner edge 2*8 ; third finger, metacarpal 4'5, first phalanx 9*5 ; lower leg and foot (c. u.) 27 ; calcar 15. tSkull : greatest length 12'6; basi-sinual length 10*1; zygomatic breadth 6; interorbital breadth 4*5; length of postorbital process 2'5 ; interten)poral breadth 3'7 ; breadth of brain-case 7 ; height of brain-case from between bull® 5'6; palato-sinual length 3*1 ; breadth between outer corners of III' 6 ; front of canine to back of m^ 5'5. lluh. of type as above. Another specimen from British Guiana. Tiiis bat forms a most remarkable and interesting discovery, owing to its relationship to the aberrant Diclidurus, which it tends to connect with the ordinary members of the Emballo- nuridtB. Iti appearance it is just like an average sac-wing * This tooth 13 peculiarly abnormal on both sides in the type, the above description being based on Mr. McConneH's specimen. 136 Mr. O. Thomas on bat, sucli as Peropteryx^ but closer study shows tliat it is unquestionably rehited to Diclidurus, with wliich it shares the peculiar frontal cup and grooved tibia. I have been able to Hnd no trace of an antebrachial sac, nor of any caudal modification, but spirit-specimens will be necessary before the absence of these or other analogous characters can be verified. The first discovery of this bat is to be credited to Mr. F. V. McConnell, who presented in 1908 an example obtained on the Mazaruni River, British Guiana, by his collector Cozier. Owing, however, to the specimen being an imperfect skin, with just the front of the jaws dried in it, it was put away in the collection as a " Saccopteryx," to some members of which group Cytturops has so strong a resemblance. Imperfect as it is, this specimen, which M'as recognized by the unique shape of its tragus, has, however, now been useful in checking some of the characters observed in the Para example, and notably in its indication that the lower pre- molars of the latter are abnormal in structure. It is to be noticed that in his description of '■'■Vespertilio ca?}iHus'" VVied states that " Der Schadel hat zwisciien den Augen einen tiefen Eindruck," which suggests the frontal cup of Cyttarops. But, besides the fact that Peters examined the type, the figure of the tragus in the ' Abbildungen ^ is sufficient to prove that Wied's bat wvas really a Peropteryx. 6. HolocJiilus nanus, Thos. ? . Para. This rare dwarf species of liolochilus was described in 1897 on a specimen from the island of Marajo sent to me by Dr. Goeldi. IX. — On small Maminals collected in Jujuy hy Beiior E. Budin. By Oldfield Thomas. (Pviblished bj' permission of tlie Trustees of the British jNJuseuni.) By the kind assistance of the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild, the British Museum has received as a donation a collection of small mammals made by Senor E. Budin during March and April 1912 in Central Jujuy, North Argentina, a region from which but few mammals had previously been obtained. Unfortunately Sefior Budin's notes on the localities have small Mammals from Jujuy. 137 hot come to liaiul, hut it ap[)ear3 from the labels that the sjx'cimens were coUt'Cted at (1) Maiinara, 22o0 m., and (2) Ceno de Lagiinita, E. of iJaimaia, -toOO m., both pUices being situated near Uniahuaca (or Huinahuaca), in tiie centre of tlie province of Jujuy. A study of this collection reveals a very striking similarity between the fauna of Jujuy and that of the Eastern Bolivian highlands for some four hundred miles furtlier north. For tiie general facies of the collection is very like tliat of the series obtained by the late P. O. Simons in the country round Cochabamba *, quite a number of the species being absolutely identical, and a very similar fauna extends north- westwards at least as far as Ija Paz. The collection contains fifty-four specimens belonging to fourteen species and subspecies, of which five are new. Sonie notes by Sefior Buiiin on the habits and native names of the species are inserted below. 1. Conepatus ajax, sp. n. cT. 21, 42. Maimara. 2230 m. C rex group. Pur not specially rich. Direction of hairs on nape variable, running forwards in two specimens and backwards in the other three. White marking consisting of a long narrow oblong from the nape to the middle of the back, slightly forked posteriorly, and divided anteriorly by two or three median black spots or lines, together forming a broken line corresponding to the strong continuous median black line found in most of the allied species. No white on posterior back or base of tail ; terminal half of tail consisting of a mixture of black and white iiairs. Skull smaller than in 6'. chorensis, larger than \nC. porcinus. Last molar decidedly small. Dimensions of the type : — Head and body 370 mm. ; tail 200 ; hind foot 67 ; ear 30. Skull : condylo-basal length 71; lambda to gnathion 77 ; greatest breadth 47 ; interorbital breadth 24 ; intertemporal breadth 18"5 ; mastoid breadth 41 ; palatal length SO'O ; breadth between outer corners of m^ 27'5 ; front of canine to back of molar 23 ; m^ 9-2 x 9. Jrlab. Jujuy and Salta, N. Argentine. Type from Mai- mara, Jujuy. • Cf. Tho6. Auu. & Mag. Nat. IlUt. (7) ix. pp. 12o & 222, Feb. & Mar 1902. 138 Mr. 0. Thomas 07i Ti/pe. Adult male. B.M. no. 12. 12. 12. 1. Original number 21. Collected 12tli March, 1912. Besides the two specimens of this species obtained by Sr. Budin, there are in the Museum three skunks from Cachi, Salta, collected by Herr J. Steinbach, two at least of which are clearly referable to the same form. The third is much more extensively marked with white, but is probably only one of the aberrations which have to be set aside in studying this difficult and variable group. 2. Mus musculusj L. S . 32, 33, 35 ; $ . 34. Maimara. 2300 m. " Caught in meadows far from houses, in thorn hedges. Kot common, either in fields or houses." — E. B. 3. EVgmodontia laucJia muscuUna^ subsp. n. S . 12, 13, 18 ; ? . 4, 6. Maimara. 2230 m. Very similar to S. Argentine E. laucha, but larger. General colour above rather paler, drab-grey ; under surface greyish white, with a slight drabby tinge. Wiiite post- orbital patch less conspicuous. Skull decidedly larger than is normal in E. laucha, though unusually large examples of the latter may just attain the size of small specimens of E. I. musculina. Supraorbital edges unbeaded, as in laucha, those of E. callosa having distinct beads. Dimensions of the type (measured in flesh by collector) : — Head and body 100 mm. ; tail 98 ; hind foot 21 ; ear 16. Skull : greatest length 2G ; condylo-incisive length 23*5 ; zygomatic breadth 13-8 ; nasals 11"3 ; interorbital breadth 4 ; breadth of brain-case ll'l ; palatilar length 10*8 ; palatal foramen 5'9 ; upper molar series 3*6. JIah. As above. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 12. 12. 12. 9. Original number 18. Collected 12th March, 1912. I have been in some doubt as to whether this mouse ought not to be called a separate species, as its skull is so much larcer than that of ordinary Buenos Aires specimens of E. laucha. But both forms seem to vary a good deal in size, while there are no other distinctions o£ importance, and therefore it may, for the present, be attached to E. laucha in order to emphasize its difference from the still larger E. callosa^ in which supraorbital beads are developed in old examples. small Mammals from Jt'jny. 139 Sr. Buditi's skins of this mouse are unfortunately somewliat overstretched, so that at first sigiit tlie animal a|)i)ears to be fully as large as E. callosa, but this impression is corrected by the skulls. 4. Phyllotis wolffsohni^ Thos. c?. 43 ; ? . 1, 5, 7, 11, 17. Maimara. 2230 m. Closely similar to the typical specimens from Tapucari, near Cochabamba, some 400 miles north of the present locality. 5. Phyllotis areyuirivs, Thos. c? . 55. Cerro de Lagunita, E. of Maimara. 4500 m. In determining these specimens of Fhyllolis, and studying the characters of the allied genera Phyllotis and Eligmo- dont'id, the following species has proved to need de- sciiption : — PliyUotis eleyantuluSj sp. n. A small species allied to Ph. amicus, but with shorter tail. Size and general characters about as in Ph. amicus. Colour somewhat modified on the specimen skinned out of spirit, but apparently as in Ph. amicus ; the upper surface drabby grey, the under surface white with the bases of the hairs slaty. Feet slender, with naked soles, as in amicus. Tail conspicuously shorter than in that species, brown above, whitish on sides and below. Skull of about the same size as in Ph. amicus, but readily distinguishable by the interorbital region being more evenly contracted, the narrowest point at about the middle of the fVontals, instead of the posterior part being much broader than the anterior. Supraorbital edges smoothly square, not beaded. Bullss rather smaller than in amicus. Dimensions of the type (measured on the skin) : — Head and body 92 mm. ; tail (vertebrae in situ) 70; hind foot 21 ; ear 17. Skull : greatest length 27; condylo-incisive length 23*2 ; zygomatic breadth 2'5 ; nasals 11 : interorbital breadth 4 ; palatilar length 11' 7 ; palatal foramina 6*4 ; upper molar series 4. Hah. Pallatanga, Ecuador. Type. Old male. B.M. no. 7. 1. 1. 113. Collected in 1859 by L. Fraser. Received with the Ton)es collection. This is Tomcs's " Hesptromys elegans, Waterh.," of his paper on the Fraser mammals, F. Z. S. 1860, p. 21.3, but is 140 Mr. 0. Thomas on obviously not Waterliouse's species of that name. Tlie specimen liad liitlierto been taken for an Eligmodontia, but a renewed examination shows that it is a Phyllotis allied to Ph. amicus, and distinguishable by the characters described above. 6. Andinomys edax, Thos. S. 10, 23, 26, 28, 41, 44; ?. y, 20. Maimara. 2230 m. ? . 59. Cerro de Lagunita, ]\Iaimara. 4500 m. Tliis distinct rat had previously only been obtained by P. O. Simons, who got examples at La Paz and the neigh- bourhood of Potosi. The mammary formula proves to be 2—2 = 8. " Lives in the branches of trees, where it makes its nest."— ^. B. 7. ATcodon jiicundus, sp. n. ? . 46. Cerro de la Lagunita, E. of Maimara. 4500 m. 27th March, ]912. B.M. no. 12. 12. 12. 12. Type. A medium-sized pale buffy species, with very small teeth. Size rather less than in A. alhiventer. Fur rather long ; liairs of back about 10 mm. in length. Greneral colour above pale buffy clay-colour, very much as in A. andinHs, paler on the head, ricliest on the back ; sides and under surface paler clay-colour (about as in A, spegazzinii), the bases of the hairs slaty as usual. Ears sliort, hairy, dark greyish, an inconspicuous whitish patch behind them. Hands and feet . dull buft'y whitish, the claws of normal length. Tail grizzled with black and greyish above, buffy whitish on sides and below. Skull considerably smaller than that of either A. andinus or alhiventer, about as in A. puer, low, smooth, rounded, with broad unbeaded interorbital region. Bullae proportionally rather large. Molars very small, conspicuously smaller than in any of the allied species. Dimensions of the type (measured by collector) : — Head and body 90 mm. ; tail 62 ; hind foot 20 ; ear 15. Skull: greatest length 23'8; condylo-incisive length 22 ; zygomatic breadth 12'3 ; nasals 9'5 ; interorbital breadth 4'1 ; breadth of brain-case 11"3 ; palatilar length 9*7 ; palatal foramina 5'6; upper molar series 3*3. IJab. and Type as above. This pale buffy- bellied Akodon is very like A. andhius, Philippi, externally, but its skull and teeth are nuiikedly smaller than in the more southern species. small Mammals from Jitj^iy. Ill 8. Akodon alhiventer, Tlios. ^ . 52. Laguna, Duiazno, Maiiiiara. 4500 m. ^. 5<), 61 ; ?. 58. Ceiro de hi Lagunita, E. of Mai- inaia. 4500 ni. Type locality, Lower Caclii, Salta (C. Spegozzini). Specimens also received I'rom C^liallapata and Potosi, Bolivia ' {F. 0. Simims). Evidently the common Akodon of the " Octodontomys area." 9. Akodon bacchante sodalis, subsp. n. S. 47,54,60; ?. 4y. Cerro de la Lagunita, E. of Maimara. 4500 m. Similar to true bacchante in all essential characters, but rather paler throughout. Upper surface olive-grey, without the somewhat bistre tone of baccJiante. Under surface more prominently v/hite, the inguinal region snowy white. Hands white, the metacarpals scarcely tinged with fulvous. Feet lighter fulvous than in bacchante, the toes white or whitish. Dimensions of the type : — Head and body 115 mm. ; tail ^d ; hind foot 25 ; ear 20. Skull : greatest length 29*5 ; condylo-incisive length 26*8 ; zygomatic breadth 14-5 ; nasals 12*3 ; interorbital breadth 4"7 ; palatilar length 12*2; palatal foramina 7 : upper molar series 4 '3. Hab. as above. Type. Old male. B.M. . no. 12. 12. 12. 19. Original number 60. Collected 11th April, 1912. The type of A, bacchante having been collected out of the " Octodontomys area/' at Choro, in the Secur^ Amazonian watershed, it is not surprising that its Jujuy relative proves to be subspecitically separable. " Inhabits the high ground where the Vizcachas are found. But little common, and quite unknown to the inhabitants. Not strictly nocturnal, coming out for food about sunrise. Trapped with meat bait. Ordinarily lives on seeds." — E. B. 10. Ctenomys budim, sp. n. cJ . 48, 53 ; ? . 50, 51. Cerro de Lagunita, E. of Mai- mara. 4500 m. A brown Ctenomys, near C. /rater. Size rather larger than in C.f rater. General colour above ])ale vaiid\ ke-bro\vn, not unlike that of C. tuciunaniis, daiker and richer than in C. /rater. Muzzle and lips not darkened. 142 Mr. O. Thomas on Under surface drab ; axillary and inguinal white patches present or absent. Cliin and a darker area across chest brown, separated from each otlier by an inconspicuous drabby collar. Hands and feet drabby whitish. Tail drabby or brown above, rather lighter below. Skull smaller than that of G. opimus, larger than in frater and tucumanus. Nasals fairly broad, evenly narrowing back- wards. Postorbital processes well marked. Interparietal distinct in all four specimens, its front edge evenly convex, its hinder edge more or less directly transverse. Bull*, in shape and proportionate size, about as in C. tucumanus, smaller than in opimus, not so peculiarly narrowed as in frater. Ectocondylar processes of lower jaw scarcely developed. [Besides these normal characters of the skull it should be mentioned that there are, on both sides in three specimens and on one in the fourth, small triangular supplementary bones at the front edge of the parietals, bordering the frontals. Presumably these extra bones are abnormal, but their nearly constant presence in the four specimens of C. budini renders them worthy of mention.] Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) : — Head and body 210 mm. ; tail 68 ; hind foot 33. Skull : greatest length 48'3 ; condylo-incisive length 49 ; condylo-basal length 47*2; zygomatic breadth 31; nasals 17 X 8'5 ; iiiterorbital breadth ll'S ; breadth across brain- case behind zygomata 18'8 ; tympanic breadth 30 ; palatilar length 22'2 ; upper tooth-series (alveoli) 10"2. Hab. as above. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 12. 12. 12. 37. Original nuniber 48. Collected 1st April, 1912. This Tuco-tuco is most nearly allied to G. frater and tucumanus, but is readily distinguishable from the former by its more evenly swollen bullae, from the latter by its greater size, and from both by its distinct interparietals. All four skulls of G. budini have this bone large and clearly marked, while it is absent in both skulls of G. /rater and in four out of five skulls of G. tucumanus, the fifth having a very small one present. Whether the peculiar extra fronto-parietal bones will prove to be a normal character of the species remains to be seen, but they may be simply a family character of the individuals sent home. I have had pleasure in naming this distinct species after Sr. E. Budin, to wdiose labours this most excellent collection is due. small Mammals from Juj'iy. 143 " Los Tojos. Iiilialjit the sandy parts of tlie tops of tlie rocky hillocks. Were captured in traps phvced in the runs made below the soil, but the bait used, potato or maize, was not eaten. Come out of their burrows at sunrise and niglit- fall. Not very common, living isolated in small families." — E. B. 11. Octodontomys gliroides, Gerv. & d'Orb. cJ. 38 ; ? . 30, 31, 37, 39. Maimara. 2600 m. This is my Neoctodon simonsi, in the description of which I accidentally used a generic name preoccupied in beetles, and, as to the species, was deceived by a figure of the teeth of Octodon degus being put — without a word of explanation — on the plate of " Octodon gliroides,''' so that I too rashly supposed that the latter was really an Octodon. This beautiful and conspicuous animal is by far the most characteristic form of what I have therefore ventured to call the " Octodontomys area." The type was obtained at La Paz ; Mr. Simons got specimens at Oruro, Challapata, Livichuco, and Potosi, and Sr. Budin's specimens show that the species ranges into ('entral Jujuy. " The ' Chozchori ' are found in the broken rocks of the hills called ' Volcanoes,' or in the walls built of rough stones. Occur up to a height of 3000 m. Are not wild, and are easily shot. Diurnal, seen everywhere in the early morning and late afternoon. Common throughout the district of Uraahuaca."— ^. B. 12. Viscaccia tucumana, Thos. S . 24, 29. Maimara. 2230 m. (^ . 64. Cerro de Lagunita, E. of Maimara. 4500. m. 13. Kero'Jon holiviensis, Waterh. S . 2-2; ? . 3, 14, 15, 25. Maimara. 2230 m. "El Conejo. Common in rough and brambly ground: does much harm to cultivation." — E. B. 14. Marmosa elegans pallidior^ Thos. J. 27, 36 (both immature). Maimara. 2230 m, " Local name ' Achocaya.' " — E, B. 144 Ml\ V\ TUv^ttl^ V4| jMUM ^>^'«M#»» ^ X» — c'^ >*•«•* v^^-t ■•#•*« t^ilUiKvMiivt^^m^^^'vwii i4« ?^:« *.:;*.<, T^.\^ i ^^~,>.^ -I tW I>««f c c . XvK «. 1^>«-K RX- -5CV li. 12, IX S. Tgm. —X ftX » ^"^^^^i '!» a^oe •"■ijr^ a..:3:v"!sc 146 On a neto Onhifrom the Galla Country, XI. — A new Orihi from the Galla Country to the North of Lake Rudolf. By Gilbert Blaine. Ourebta gallarum, sp. n. An oiibi of large size, with long wavy hair and no trace of a dark patch on the forehead. Colour of upper parts bright orange-fawn, richer along the dorsal tine; the extremities of the hairs on the body fading to cream, their bases being w^hitish. Forehead orange-fawn, with no trace of a dusky patch between the horns. Bases of the hairs on face, forehead, and down the neck to the shoulders dusky grey, as in other oribis. Skull very large and massive, characterized by the remarkable development of the bridge across the rostrum in front of the orbits and the consequent great convexity of the facial profile. Nasals depressed. Preorbital fossa3 large and deep. Horns short and stout, annulated at the bases only, inclined strongly backwards as in 0. montana. Skull-measurements: — Greatest length 180 mm.; basal length 152; breadth 84; length of nasals 67; length of frontal suture 47; vertical diameter of orbits 32; palatal length 95 ; upper dental series 52. Hah. Lake Helene, one of a string of small lakes east of the head-waters of the Omo River, and about 60 miles south of Addis Abeba. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 6. 11. 1. 58. Collected by P. Zaphiro, and presented by Mr. W. N. McMillan in 1906. (Described from a single specimen.) Comparative Table of Shull-measurements , to differentiate this Species from O. cottoni and O. montana. O. gallarum. 0. cottoni. O. montana. mm. mm. mm. Greatest length 180 171 179 Basal length 152 146 im Greatest breadth 84 77 77 Length of nasals 67 61 71 Length of frontal suture .... 47 50 46 Vertical diameter of orbits . . 32 30 32 Palatal length 95 91 102 Upper dental series 52 50 62 This oribi presents some very striking characters. In the general shape and proportions of the skull it resembles the A Revision of the Asilidie of Australasia. 117 YieiglibouriiifT species 0. cottoni of the Guas u'^ishu plateau, but differs from that aiiiinal in the more backward inclina- tion of the horns, in this respect resembling 0. moittana. The hair is of a briohter and richer shade than that of cottoniy and differs totally from the grizzled fawn of montana. Its wavy t<>xture is not unlike that of a reedbuck. The hair on the body is from .'50-40 mm. in length, whereas other oribis have hair of an average length of 20 mm. and not exceeding 30 mm. The hoofs of this species are larger than those of either cottoni or montana. Unfortunately no accurate body- inoasurenients could be taken. XII. — A Revision of the Asilidse of Australasia. By Gertrude Ricardo. [Continued from vol. x. p. 360.] Since the last part of this paper was published in the ' Annals' in September 1912, Dr. Hermann, of Erlangen, has sent me his monograph on the Laphrinse of South America, in which, however, he includes some species from the Austra- lasian Region. The monograph was published apparently in the early part of last year, so that the names of his new species will have priority over mine. The title of the work is '' Beitriige zur Kenntnis der SiAdamerikanischenDipteren- fauna," published in Nova Acta Abb. der kaiserl. Leop.- Carol. Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, Band xcvi. Nr. ] . He forms four new genera for species from Australia and New Guinea (see p. 205), viz. Cenochromyia, Epaphroditus , Adelodus, and Cyanonedys. Cenochromyia comprises two new species only, from New Guinea — C. xunthogaster and C. guttata (p. 115). Epaphro- ditus comprises Laphria placens, Wlk., from New Guinea (p. 118). Adelodus (p. 124) comprises two new species from Queensland and New South Wales, A. rufipes and A. nigro- caruleus ; I have seen no examples of these. Cyanonedys comprises three new species which I bad placed in the genus Clariola (see ' Annals,' Sept. 1912, p. 357), viz. Cyanonedys leucura (p. 133 : my Clariola nigrescens) ; Cyanonedys lugubris (p. 132 : my Clariola aureafacies) ; Cyanonedys hornii (p. 133: mv Clariola albohirta). 10* 148 Miss G. Eicavdo — ^i Revision of Atomosia, Macquart. Dipt. Exot. i. p. 73 (1838). Formed for species from Arasriea. No Australian species has been described as belonging to this genus so far, though one from New Guinea described by Walker under Laphria is placed here by v. d. Wulp ; but a new species from Victoria appears to belong to this genus. I compared it with the type of Atomosia affinis, Macq., from Brazil, in the Paris Museum, and it appeared to agree witli it in generic characters. The genus belongs to the group with no curved spine on fore tibiae, and has the cross-veins closing the discal and fourth posterior cells parallel. Atomosia australis, ^ ? , sp. n. Types from Dandenong Ranges, Victoria. A small blue- black species, with white-haired tibife. Wings shaded on the cross-veins. Length 9 mm. {^),8 mm. ( ? ). Face with grey toraentum, brown in centre below the antennae; no tubercle present ; moustache consists of rather long, weak, black hairs, reaching entirely over face as far as the antenna ; one or two white hairs near the mouth ( ? ) ; in the J the face is more widely brown and the moustache consists of long yellow hairs below and black above. An- tenncp black, the first joint quite twice as long as the second, which is small, the third about one and a half times as long- as the first two, with no end-bristle, the first two joints with black pubescence; back of head with long black hairs, beard and pubescence on lower part of head white. Thorax brownish, with short fulvous pubescence ; scutellum similar, with long weak bristles posteriorly. Abdomen blue-black, shining, the same width throughout, finely punctuate ; sides and apex with fine white pubescence; underside brown; some black bristles at apex of abdomen. The male has the abdomen somewhat darker, the genital organs distinctly visible on the underside. Legs black, coxae reddish brown, the femora with white hairs below, the tibiae covered with white pubescence on the upper side and with black bristles on each border, the tarsi with black bristles and pubescence. Wings clouded with brown on the cross-veins ; the anterior branch of third vein curved ; the subcostal cell closed in a point, the first posterior and discal cell narrow, the second and third wide, the fourth closed, the cross-vein closing it is the Asilitlaj of Australasia. 149 a little beloiv the oue which closes the discal cell ; the second aud third posterior cells are exactly above the discal and fourth posterior cell. Hultcres yellow. Aphestia chalijboia, Roder. Stett. ent. Zeit. xlii. p. 3^0 (1881). The type (a male) was described from Peak Downs, Australia ; no specimen in Brit. Mus. Coll. or Mr. French's Coll. The genus is distinjijuished by the long third joint of antennm and Ijy the transverse veins closing the discal and fourth posterior cell being in a line, lloder describes his •species as black. Fact with white moustache and. beard. Abdomen copper-coloured at base, steel-blue shining on poste- rior borders with w^iite hairs; the remaining segments shining copper-coloured. Legs steel-blue. Length 7 lines. Dr. Hermann suggests that this species may belong to his new genus Adelodus : see his remark, p. 125. NusA, Walker. Dipt. Saund. i. p. lOo (IBal). Andrenosonia, Kond. Dipt. Ital. Prodrome, i. p. 160 (1856). Elacotoma^ A. Costa, Atti R. Accad, Napoli, i. p. 49 (1863). This genus is distinguished from Lnphria by the closed or almost closed first posterior cell of iviny. Abdomen more or less bare. The only species recorded from Australia is Nusa tectamus, Walker. NtLsa tectamus, Walker. List Dipt. ii. p. 374 ILcq^hria] (1849), et vii. Suppl. 3, p. 559 (1855) ; Kertesz, Cat. Dipt. p. 195 Laphria] (1909J. Andrenosoma vidua, Bigot, Anu. fcioc. Eut. Frauce, (o) viii. p. 228 (1878). Type ( ? ) from Port Essington, Arnhem Land, N. Aus- tralia (purchased from Mr. Gould), and a long series of males and females from Queensland {Bancroft and Dodd), and one male from Victoria. Mr. Froggatt records it from Queens- land. A large blue-black species with grey pubescence on thorax and base of abdomen and on le(js. Wings clear, the first posterior cell closed at border. Length 22-25 mm. Male. — Face covered with dirty grey tomentum, silvery white at sides, and with long dirty grey hairs ; the tubercle. 150 Miss G. Rlcaido — A Bevision of which is large and takes up the greater part of face, is shining black in the middle and carries the moustache com- posed of long black bristles. Palpi blackish, with black bristly hairs. Beard whitish. Proboscis at base M'ith long whitish pubescence. Antennce bhickish, the first joint two- thirds tlie length of the third joint, with white hairs and one long reddish-brown bristle at its apex ; the second very short, not half the length of the first, with a long black bristle on each side; the third rather broad and flat, with no style. Forehead and hind part of head with whitish pubescence. Thorax blackish brown, with grey tomentum on shoulders and continued as stripes median and lateral ; the pubescence on dorsum short, chiefiy greyish, sides Avith longer hairs and with three or more black bristles above the base of wings and three weaker ones beyond ; breast-sides with chiefly long greyish pubescence. Scutellum with grey tomentum and pubescence. Abdomen metallic blue-black, the first two segments covered, with long grey pubescence, which, however, does not attain the posterior border of second segment ; the other segments bare ; the anus with black hairs ; sides of abdomen with two black bristles on the first segment and one each on the following four segments ; underside with long pubes- cence black, except at the base, where it is greyish. Legs blue- black, with long greyish hairs on the femora and tibiie, the tarsi armed with black bristles and a few bristl\ hairs ; the posterior femora incrassate, with some stout black bristles on the apical half, the middle femora with two at the apex. Wings clear, veins brown, slightly shaded ; the first posterior cell closed at border (in one male from Queens- land it is almost open at the border and there is an appendix present) ; fourth and fifth posterior cells closed, the small transverse vein situated on the basal third of the discal cell. Female is similar, but the pubescence at base of abdomen and on legs is much less, and on the hind femora, which are not so incrassate, it is largely black ; the ovipositor long and pointed. Andrenosoma vidua, Bigot, appears to me from the descrip- tion to be identical wath this species. Maira, Schiner. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xvi. p. 673 (1866). This genus comprises blue-black metallic species with swollen hind femora, and all the legs, especially in the males, the AsUiiliO of Australasia. 151 with long pubescence ; the head orbicular and much excised behind ; the moustache confined, or almost so, to oral opening. The genus is chietly confined to tiie Oriental and tiie Australasian Regions, but so i'ar only three species have beeu described from Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. The synonymy of some of the species is in the greatest con Fusion, largely owing to the difficulty of identifying Walker's species from his descriptions. Below is given what appears to be the correct synonymy for a few of tlie Walker species from tlie Australasian Region (Australia and New Zealand excepted) from examination of the types, but little can be done till the genus is thoroughly monographed. The species recorded from Australia and New Zealand are only two : — Maira senea, Fabr., Syst. Antl. p. 161 [^Laphria] (1805). See Kertesz'a Cat. for full refereuces. Maira auiibaibis, Macq., Dipt. Exot. Suppl. 3, p. 182 (1847), et Suppl. 4, p. 3?5 (2) (1849). — Lophria consohrina, Proc. Linn. Soc. London, iii. p. 84 (1859) ; Bigot, Ann. Soc. Eut. France, (5) viii. p. 218 (1878) ; Kirby, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) xiii. p. 459 (1884). Maira (enea, Fabr. A species widely distributed, recorded from New Zealand. No specimens from there or from Australia are in the Brit. Mus. Coll. or Mr. French's Coll. Laphria comes ($ ? , censors J , and repletis ? , Walker (this latter is not a syno- nym oi Macra spedabilis, Guerin, as given in Kertesz's Cat.), are probably synonyms of this species. There is one male in Brit. Mus. Coll. from New Hebrides. Maira auriharbis, Macquart. Laphria consobrina, Walker. The male type was described from Java, and later Macquart recorded a female from Australia. The type is apparently lost. Macquart placed it under Lumpria, a genus confined to the American continent, with spines on underside of hind femora ; in Kertesz's Cat. it is placed under this genus. In Brit. Mus. Coll.: — Walker's type (?) from Waigiou (not Aru Islands), and other specimens from New Hebrides, New Guinea, Aru Islands, and a male and female from Queensland. From Macquart's description this species is probably the same. 152 ]MisS G. Ricardo — A Revision of Macquart described his speeies thus : — Violet. Moustaehe and beard golden-coloured. Legs with yellow hairs. Wings half brown and half hyaline. Length 6^ lines. ^ . Related to L. (enea. Palpi black, with black hairs. Face and moustache golden-coloured, with long black bristles. Forehead with grey tomentum. Antennse black, tlie first joint w ith yellow hairs and black ones below. Thorax with shoulders and sides golden tomentose. Abdomen without spots or segmentations. Legs black, with violet reflections ; femora and tibiae with long yellow hairs. Wings : the ante- rior half hyaline, posterior half blackish brown ; neuration as in L. (enea. From Java, my collection (Suppl. iii. p. 182). Male has been described. A female is placed with it, "which differs as follows : — Posterior femora less incrassate ; tibise with much fewer long hairs. Wings brownish, a little paler towards the base. The first transverse vein is situated on the third instead of the quarter of the discal cell. It comes from New South Wales, whilst the male is described from Java (Suppl. iv. p. 375). The /ace in Walker's species is bright gold(m yellow, with the same coloured hairs above tubercle, which latter is blackish- with grey tomentum ; the moustache composed of eight long black bristles, the golden-yellow hairs intermixed, "witli them ; the second, third, and fourth segments of abdo- men have traces of white spots, and underside has white segmentations. JVinys clear at base and on fore border as far as stigma ; elsewhere brownish. Length 17 mm. The other specimens vary somewhat in colouring of iving ; one specimen from Amboyua has them entirely hyaline and they vary in size from 12-22 mm. Maira gloriosa, Walker. Proc. Lirm. Soc. London, iii. p. 84 [Zap/iria'] (1859). Maira kolha-i, v. d. Wulp, necDol. Tijd. v. Entom. (2)vii. (xv.) p. 201 (1872). ? Maira spectabilix, Schiner (nee Gu^rin), Verli. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xvii. p. 381 (1867). Type ( ? ) from Aru Island and two males from same locality, either of which may be the type. A specimen from Key Island is labelled "gloriosa," but as the abdomen is covered with short golden pubescence, as in M. paradisiaca, Wlk., I conclude the labels have got transposed. The three typical specimens have the abdomen bare^ shining, purple and green metallic. the AsilldaJ of Australasia. 153 Maira spectabiVis, Giierin. Liiphria cotiynin, J, Walker. Liiphria cormuri/etis, $ , ^\'alker. L(ij)]iria socia, $ , Walker. These types all appear to be synonyms of the above, Laphria ccerulea, Boisduval, the female type, also labelled L. iudisoma, was seen by me in the Paris Museum, and appears to mc to be the same as M. spectabilis ; it is a large species, measuring 23 nun. INIoustaclic oi loiij? black hairs, with some yellow ones below intermixed, and yellow hairs on face. Antennce black, the third joint destroyed. Thorax dull blackish, with white spots on shoulders. Abdomen and leys metallic blue, the latter with long white hairs on all the femora and tibiae, apices of latter with some black ones and the tarsi with long black hairs. IFinys tinged brown, the fourth posterior and anal cell closed, the first posterior wide open. Maira paradisiaca, Walker. Proc. Linn. Soc. London, iii. p. 128 \_Laphria\ (1859). Type (io7i of the AsIliJse of Australasia. Ommatius queeiislandi, sp. u. Type ((5" ?) from Stannary Hills, N. Queensland [Dr. T. L. Bancroft, 1909). A small black species ; abdomen with some grey tomentose spots. Z/f^'s black, tibiae yellowish, TFiwys clear, not dilated in the male. Length, (5^ 9, ? 14 mm. Male. — Face brownish, Avith yellowish-grey tomentum. Moustache composed of long, yellow, bristly hairs. Tubercle not very prominent, but reaching to antennae. Beard silvery- white. Ante/nice black, with long feathered bristle. Fore- head reddish brown, with black pubescence. Back of head with black hairs curved inwards. Thorax blackish brown, with grey tomentum on shoulders and at sides, on middle suture, and on posterior part of thorax ; on this last appear numerous black bristles and white pubescence ; some black pubescence on dorsum ; sides with whitish hairs and two stout l)lack bristles above base of wings ; breast-sides covered with ashy-grey tomentum. ScuteUum covered with grey tomentum, with yellowish hairs on border. Abdomen blackish brown, with grey tomentose side spots and very scattered grey pubescence ; genital organs not very promi- nent, black hairs on last segments. Legs black ; tibise yellow below, posterior pair yellow at base ; femora with white pubescence and bristles black, which, however, are yellow on posterior incrassate pair ; tibiae with black bristles and yellow or whitish hairs. Wings hyaline ; veins brown, small transverse vein beyond the middle of discal cell ; cells anteriorly rilled. Female identical. Abdomen with incisions of some seg- ments ashy-grey tomentose ; the grey pubescence is white and more abundant. The following species have been recorded from New Guinea and other parts of the Australasian Region : — Ommatius anntdatus, cnemideus. Bigot ; aruensis, excurrens, fulvimanus, infertius, schlegelii, sereniis, suffusus, Wulp ; minimus, minor, Dol. ; canus, discalis, lucifer, nanus, retrahens, Walker. Of these last, canus, nanus, retrahens (and also strictus from Celebes) have no tubercle on face, but the abdomen is not club-shaped as in Eniphysomera ; the type of discalis appears to be missing. [To be continued.] On a neio Guilafjo from Oerman East Africa. 1G7 XIII. — .1 nexo Galago from German Enst Africa. By Dr. EiNAii LoNNBiiRG, F.M.Z.S., &c. The R.Nat. Hist. Museum, Stockliolin, lias recently obtained from Mr. K. Kittenberger a Galago wliicb was collected at Ukina, near tScliirati, east ot Victoria Nyanza, German East Alrica, in March 1911. The specimen is an old male with especially the upper canines well worn. It is remarkable lor its lii^ht-coloured fur and its large and heavy skull. So far as I know, it is not described, and I propose to name it Galago argentalus, sp. n. With regard to certain rdative dimensions, tliis Galago belongs to the Otole7nur-gioup, and, in most cases, tlie difference is quite plainly jjronounced : the diameter of the orbit (20 mm.) is larger tlian the distance from the anterior margin of the foramen infra-orhitale to the gnathion (about 18 mm. to the most prominent point) ; the length of the nasals (27'5 mm.) is subequal or a little longer than the distance between the anterior brim of the orbit and the gnathion (27 mm.); the length of the ears (about 51 mm.) is less than the length of the hand (5o*5 mm.), and also less than two-thirds the length of the head (the greatest length of the skull being 8-1 mm.). The general colour is very light grey, and may be called light silvery grey. It is very little darker along the back, and in some lights a very faint bufiish tinge may be dis- cerned in some places. Tlie forehead has a sliglit brownish tinge due to brown tips to the hairs. The outer sides of the legs are coloured like the sides of the body. The feet are pale brownish mixed with pale grey. The sides of the head and neck are dirty white. Tbe lower parts are pure white along the middle line", somewhat greyish towards the sides. The tail is white, rather sharply set off from the grey of the back and very little obscured by dark tips to the hairs on the proximal two-thirds, a little more dusky towards the end. The fur is soft and thick. Its length on the middle of the back is about 35 mm. More than the proximal half of this length is very dark grey, but the distal portion is white. The scattered long hairs produce the silvery-grey colour by being blackish with or without white subterminal rings. Along the middle of the lower parts and on the inner sides of the thighs the fur is pure white to the base. On tiie sides of the belly and breast the fur is lead-grey at the base. Length of head and body (approximately from skin) 36 cm. (probably a little more in the flesh). Length of tail about 4.2^ cm. Length of ear (softened) about 51 cm. Length ol hind foot (softened) 95 mm. /w^ 1G8 Bibliographical Ntice. Occipito-nasal length of skull 82-.'i Condvlo-incisivo length of fkull T.'i'S Basal" length of skull 69 Zygomatic width of skull 55 Width of brain-case 33"5 Postorbital constriction 17 Interorbital width 16"5 Breadth across canine alveoles 22"3 Length of nasals . 27'5 Jx'nglh of upper molar series 24o „ „ „ tooth series, includinghe canine .... 31 „ „ lower molar series 20*9 ,, „ „ tooth series, including te canine 46 Palatal length to front of incisors 33*5 The C7ista safjittaliti is well devclopi and extends forward over the whole parietal and posterior ortiou of the frontal. The cranial measurements of thi.^ species appear to be considerably larger than in any other-peciea of this group, and as the colour as well is very disnct, it seems to be ;i very easily recognized animal. lijiL'' BIBLIOGR.iPHICAL ttTICE. Index Zooloakus No. IT. An AfphahelicoLisl of Karnes of Genera and Suhrjenera projiosed for Use in Xu>offil, "^ recorded in the 'Zoological Record; vols. 38-47 mc?i«v ( l!»0l-1910), and the Zoologij Volumes of the ' Internatioiut Catalogue of Scientijic Literature,' Annual Issues 1-10. togeth- icith other Names not included in previous Noinenrlators. Comiled (for the Zoological Society of London) by Ciiaki.ks OwKyVATrKiiorsE, I.S.O., and edited by David Shakp, M.A., F.U.8., liitor of tho ' Zoological llecord.' London, 1J>12. Mh. C. 0. "WATERnousK'e 'Index Zoolo^us,' published by tho Zoological Society in 1902, is known to «k MAGAZINI OF NATURAL HISTORY. [EIGHTH SERIES.] ;o. 62. FEBRUARY 1913. -rriti mlkt adUu cena) , tlie degree of union of the first radial and the hypercoracoid, which are usually ankylosed, the number of vertebrse, and the direction of the parapopliyses. Tlie vertebrae vary in number from 21 {Scorpcena^ Pterois)io?>i [Sehastes) ; Apistus \\?^%2& (11-1-15), Tetraroge 26 (12 + 14), Centropogon 27 (11 + 16), and Gymnapistus 28 (11 + 17). In the three last-named ribs are present only on the prsecaudal vertebrse "with paropophyses. The Scorpajnidae are represented in the Lower Eocene (London Clay) by the extinct genus Ampheristus ; other genera have been described from the Upper Eocene and Miocene. Family 2. Triglidae. The Triglidse are essentially similar to the Scorp£enida3 in osteology, except that the hypercoracoid and hypocoracoid are separated by cartilage, the pectoral radials are pUite-like Classification of the Order Sderoparei. 175 (fin;. 2, A), and, in corrclaM'on with tlic form of tlift snout, flie |ir;ei)i bital is displiiceil forward and llie first .--uboi Intal down- ward, so (liat tliti si'cond is aftaclied to the lateial ethmoid (fig. 1, B). Of the 8oorpaeiiids the genus Apistus especially Fig. 1. Praeorbital (;;;•) and suborbitals (1, 2, 3, 4) of A. Dactyloptena orientalis, B. rteryyotriyla pobjummata, C. Platycephalus insidiator. approaclies the Tiiglidse in the separation of the pelvic fins, the detachment of the lowest pectoral ray, the great defith of the second suborbital, the development of the upper limb of the post-temporal as a flat triangular plate, and the reduction of the foramina between the pectoral radials. Vertebraj in Prionotus 25 or 26, PterygotrigJa 26, Lepido- irigla 29 or 30, Trigla 32 to 39, Peristedion 33. Family 3. CaracantMdaB. Caracanthus differs externally from the Scorpasnidse in the restricted gill-openings, shorter spinous dorsal and very small pelvic fins; the skeleton is typically Scorpgenid, except for the absence of ribs; the vertebiae number 24. Family i. Aploactidae. Aploactis milesii has the osteological characters of the Scorpseuidse, except that the skull is more depressed and ribs are absent; it has 31 vertebiaj (13+15). Family 5. SynanciidaB. This family is closely related to the preceding. The 176 Mr. C. T. Regan 07i the Osteology and spinous dorsal is longer than the soft except in Trachi- cephaJus. In Lysodermiis and Minous 1, in Chorismodactylus 8 pectoral rays are detached ; Inimicus has the two lowest rays ahnost detached; in the rest the pectoral is broad and procurrent, without detached rays. The differences in the Fig. 2. Pectoral fiu skeleton of A. Pterygotrigla polyotnmala, B. Trachkephalus elongatus, C. Minous nionodactylus, J). Sijnancia horrida. Theradials are numbered. pectoral fin skeleton are shown by the figures (fig. 2, B, C, D). The vertebrae number 11 + 15 in Minous, 12 + 16 m Inimicus, 11 + 13 or 14 in Synancia, 11 + 18 in Trachicephalus. Family 6. Pataecidae. Gnathanacanthus differs from the Scorpsenidse only in the characters given in tlie key. Patcecus further differs in tlie absence of pelvic fins and tlie minute foramina between the pectoral radials. Vertebrae 10 + 19 in Gnathanacanthus, about 35 in Pata^cus. Division 2. Hexagrammiformes. Opisthotic large, but not always reaching prootic. Meso- pterygoid well developed. 3 pairs of dentigerous upper pharyngeals. Vertebra 42 to 64 ; praecaudals with jnira- pophyses from the third, fourth, or fifth; ribs on para- pophyses, epi pleurals on ribs at or near their insertion. Post-temporal forked ; pectoral radials 4, anvil-shaped, the two lowest on hypocoracoid. Glassijication oj the Order Scleroparei. 177 Family 1. HexagrammidaB. The head-skeleton and pectoral arch are much as in the Scorp[eiiicU\3, except that the parasphenoid wiiif^s meet the alispheiioids. The skull is not depressed, a basisphenoid is present, the second suborbital reaches the prajoperculum. Vertebrae in Agrammus 19 + 29, llexagrammus 21 + 33^ Ophiodon2d -\-Z^, and Zaniolepis 14 4-28. In Ilexagrammus octogrammus I find that the hypercoracoid and hypocoracoid are well separated by cartilaoe, external to which a wing of the cleithrum reaches the middle radials ; in the other genera the pectoral arch is as in normal Scorpaenids. Tlie gill-membranes are £ree, and there is but a single nostril on each side. Family 2. Anoplopomatida. In Anojilopoma the parasphenoid does not meet the ali- sphenoids, there is no basisphenoid, the skull is depressed, the second suborbital does not reach the prseoperculum, the gill-membranes are joined to the isthmus, and there are two nostrils on each side. Vertebrae 64 (32 + 32). Division 3. Platycephaliformes. Family PlatyceplialidaB. In the head-skeleton Platycephalus differs from the Scorpsenidse only in the depressed skull, with the parasphenoid meeting alisphenoids and frontals, and the basispiienoid apparently absent. The vertebral column has 11 + 16 vertebrae; the ribs are attached to the under surfaces of sessile epipleurals at some distance from the centra. The pectoral arch is Scorpaenid, except that the radials are short squarish plates ; the coracoids are broad (fig. 3, B). Bern- bras has the head less depressed and the pelvic fins further forward than Flatijcephalus, but is essentially similar in other characters ; I have examined the pectoral arch of a stuflfed specimen, which is exactly like that of Vlatycephalus, Division 4. IIoplichthtiformes. Family Hoplichthyidae. Externally HopUchthys and Platycephalus have little in 178 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Osteology and common except the depressed head, and tlie skeletons show- that the two genera are not at all closely related. Whereas in Platijcephalus the roof of tlie myodome is ossified and the basisphenoid is absent, in HopUchthijs the myodome has no osseous roof, but the basisphenoid appears as a vertical lamina between frontals and parasphenoid. In Platijcephalus the suborbitals are on the upper surface of the head and are separated by a wide interspace from the lower limb of the preeoperculum, but in HopUchthys the suborbitals are angu- lated, belonging partly to the upper and partly to the lower Fig. 3. A B Pectoral £n skeleton of A. HopUchthys langsdorfii, B. Platycephalus insidiator, cl, cleithrum ; sc, hypercoracoid ; cor, hypocoracoid ; 1, 2, 3, 4, radiala. surface of the head, with a serrated ridge along their middle at the edge of the head ; they entirely till the space between the orbit and the prseoperculum. The palatine and pterygoid form a long slender rod ; there is no mesopterygoid and the metapterj'goid is reduced, so that the upper edge of the quadrate is free. The upper fork of the post-temporal is laminar, loosely attached to epiotic and pterotic ; the supra- cleithrum is a slender rod ; the hypocoracoid is very narrow, adherent to the cleithrum ; the four radials are anvil-shaped, as in the Hexagrammidse and Scorpsenidse, but tiie interradial foramina are closed by an osseous membrane (tig. 3, A). Class'ification of the Order Schroparei. 179 The vertebrae number 26 (8 + 18), the caudals gradually increasing in length posteriorly ; the first three vertebrse have sessile epipleurals, the next lour or five have epipleuraU inserted on short parapophyses. Division 5. Oon'GIOPODIFORMES. Family Congiopodidae. Congiopus [Agriopus) and Zanclorhynchus are well distin- guislied externally by the produced snout, small protractile mouth, single nostril on each side, and gill-openings restricted to above the pectorals ; further, the suborbitals are well ossitied, the fin-rays are branched, the pelvics are narrow- based and placed well behind the pectorals, and there are no pungent anal spines. In all these characters they differ from the Pata^cidfe, which they resemble in the few-rayed pectoral and caudal fins. In Zanclorhynchus the dorsal fin has IX 12 rays and begins on the occiput, the head is spiny, the mouth toothless, and the pelvic fins far behind the pectorals. In Congiopus there are XVII-XXI 12-14 dorsal rays, the fin begins above the eye, there are villiform teeth in the ja*ws, and the pelvics are further forward. In Congiopus torvus the skull is essentially similar to that of the Scorp£3enida?, except that the epiotics unite behind the supraoccipital, as in Gnathanacanthus ; this character by itself cannot be taken as evidence of relationship to the Patsecidae, for the epiotics are but narrowly separated in some Scorpsenids in which the dorsal fin extends forward on the head. The post-temporal is not forked and is solidly united to the epiotic, pterotic, opisthotic, and exoccipital ; the last emits a process which forms the inner wall of the groove in which the head of the supra-cleithrura articulates ; other- wise the pectoral arch is Scorpsenid. The hyo-palatine and opercular bones are all present and there arc three separate pairs of toothed upper pharyngeals. There are 39 vertebrse (18 + 21); parapophyses bearing the ribs are developed on the prsecaudals from the sixth. Division 6. Cottiformes. Opisthotic small ; basisphenoid absent. One or two pairs of dentigerous upper pharyngeals, the third and fourth united with each other and sometimes with the second. Post- temporal forked ; pectoral radials plate-like, the foramina ISO Mr J. T. Regan on the tJsteology and m small or absent Praecaudal vertebrjB with epipleurals sessile or on short jjjapopliyses ; ribs absent or developed on a few posterior pecaudals only. Two nostrils on each side. Family 1. Cottida. From this lai^e atid varied family I remove the Cottun- culidje and Ps^shrolutida?, but other aberrant types are so closely coiinectl by intermediate forms with the typical Cottids that it tems impossible to split the group further. I cannot recogize even Rhamphocottut as the type of a distinct family ;the example 1 have examined has 27 vertebrse Fip 4. >ial fin sl(( li'ti of 1. Iceluji bironii*, 'J. Jlevtitripteru* atneriranut, .'!. Cv(tt()icii/ii microjis, 4. Net>jihrynichthy$ latin. The radiuls are imiuberoil. (not 24), and th whole skeleton is Cottid ; there are other nienibois of" tlicimily with paired ridjijes running backward from the orlul and ending in projections borne by the parietals. A good accout of the skeleton has been given by Berg ; ■■"ist: Mb &Me Classiyicatian of iA ( >/\A*i' Scit'ropartfi. ISl he separates Cc>//c>oowt7>^()n/.s' Voiu tlio Cott^^^v> booausn* tlio epipleuials are borne on shor pm-apophyso!? ; but tliis i?* l the cliaracte-r is unimportant. In Ic el us bicorn is (tig. -I, / Hio Ijyperooraeoiil ntul hypo- coracoid are only narrowly seuatoii anil but a >*mall part oT tlie third radial is inserted oi tlio earlilago bot\vo«'n ihtMu ; the Agonidie are essentially similar, and ho Ih A'/»(i//n'/i(»- cottus and a number of our (■otiid gemu-a, A'c/mim.*, 2'riglops, &c. lu Fseudublcimius, liaduliti'i, /'(h/hIh-iis, S.c. (ho greater part or even the whole of to third radial in inniM'ted on cartilage, and in Cothis, AsccC/zf/ii/s, I'Jno/ifiri/s, O/hfin'ottnn, &c. it is inserted direct on 'n- chnllinini ; howMwcr, il U often difficnlt to distingui.sh clwccn thoMo two e(»n(lili(»nM, for the cleithrum may oxtend > iho radiaU externally lo tlio ftilage, as in IlennlepidotuH .\i\ Scor/xrnic/it/ij/H, wlicrn pail. car ot the second radial and the iiird are ioHcrtrd on carl'iiaf.'.n when seen from within, on lie elcithniin in iin nxternal view. In Oncocottus, (} j/innotthiH, AvUuIIvIIkh^ and < !« ' ' ^ in the very (Ity.rf-Mnf-A «• surface of the f - a complete inte. ^ U')in the Cotti'.'/ j;4 t»ifc ifhtti'iiU Htifl iormiftu; figured (fig. 4, 4;; the yerteri^j nuwibcr 40 (14 + 26) Neophrynickthys lotus. Faniilj 4. C* = IXf9Ser from the ikftiid^ not or scarcelj produeed au^. 182 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Osteology and ueakly ossified ; tliere are 48 to 50 vertebrse. The pectoral fin skeleton is as in generalized Cottidse ; the pelvic fins are absent. Two species of Comephoriis are known from the depths of Lake Baikal ; a very good account of the structure has been given by Berg (' Die Oataphracti des Baikal-See,' 1907). Family 5. Agonidae. The Agonidae are extremely closely related to the Cottidae, diflfering from them only in the complete investment of bony plates. The pectoral arch is of the most generalized Cottid type, witii the coracoids very narrowly separated by cartilage. In most of the genera the suborbitals are arranged as in the Cottidse, but in Agonus and related genera they completely cover the cheek and approximate to those of the Triglidse in form and position. Famil}^ 6. Cyclopteridae. Differ from the Cottidse externally in that tlie 6-rayed pelvic fins form a circular suctorial disc ; the rays are de- pressed outwards and their bases are contiguous in the middle line. The skull is depressed, the alisphenoids are absent, and the parasphenoid does not extend upwards in front of the prootic. All four pectoral radials are inserted on the cleithrum between the widely separated hypercoracoid and hypocoracoid. In the Cyclopterinse the form is deep, ovate, the spinous dorsal is separate or absent, the soft dorsal and anal are rather short and free from the caudal. The vertebras number 29 (10 + 19) in Cyclopterus lumpus^ the praecaudals without parapophyses. The second suborbital is broad and connected with the inner ridge of the prseoperculum. In the Liparidinje the tail is long and tapering and the vertical fins are confluent. The vertebrae number -10 (10 + 30) in Liparis montagui, probably more in the other genera ; the prsecaudals have haemal arches from the fourth. The process of the second suborbital is slender and connected with the outer margin of the prseoperculum. Gill has given a good account of the characters of this family, with figures of the skull and pectoral arch (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiii. 1891, pp. 361-376). Suborder 2. Gasteosteoidea. The characters of most importance that distinguish this suborder from the preceding are the subabdominal position of Classification of the Order Scleroparei. 183 the pelvic fins, the pelvic bones not articulating* with the cleithia, and tlie development of a pair of dermal plates, ectocoracoids, ankjlosed with the hypocoracoids in the alult fish. Suborder 3. Dactylopteroidea. Mesethmoid unossified ; nasals ankylosed to form a large median plate; no opisthotic; second suborbital a small bone movably articulated with first and with prseoperculum (fig. 1, A)*. Post-temporal a very large plate suturally united to epiotic, ptorotic, and exoccipital ; supra-cleithrurn wedged in and rigidly united to upper end of cleithrum ; pelvic bones directly attached to cleithra. First three vertebra? elonorate, united by suture ; first attached by suture to basioccipital. Pectoral base subhorizontal. In addition to these diagnostic characters may be men- tioned : the parasi)henoid sends up a pair of wings which meet the frontals and alisphenoids in the interorbital region, the third suborbital emits a broad subocular lamina, the hyo-palatine and oj)ercu]ar bones are all present, tliere are three pairs of dentigerous upper pharyngeals, tiie pectoral radials number four, the lower elongate hourglass-shaped, and there are no ribs, but a series of epipleurals on the free pisecaudal and anterior caudal vertebrae. This suborder is a remarkably well-defined one, quite dissimilar to the other Scleroparei. Gill has placed the Dactylopteridaj with tiie Triglidaj to form the order Craniomi, on account of supposed resemblances in the structure of the post-temporal and supra-cleithrum t, but has recognized their divergence in other characters. Family Dactylopteridae. I have examined skeletons of Dactylopterus volitans and D actiflcplena orientalis. In both there are 22 vertebrae (3 + 6+13) ; these are compressed and from the sixth to the nineteenth bear paired processes directed obliquely upwards * This small bone, the " pontinal" of Gill, may be the sejjmented off distal end of the second suborbital, in which case the first may be fused with the pr^orbital ; the intei-pretation given above is more probably correct. By this device the strong spine at the angle of the prasoper- culum acquires great freedom of movement without sacrificing the support of the suborbital stay. t The supra-cleithrum of the Dactylopterids was evidently mistaken for part of the cleithrum, and one or more bony scales that adhere to the lower part of the posterior end of the post-temporal may have been takea for the supra-cleithrum. 184 On the Osteology dsc. of the Order Scleroparei. and outwards from the neural arches ; corresponding ventral processes are developed from the fourteenth to the nineteenth. In D. volitans none of the prtecaudal vertebras have transverse processes; the united anterior vertebrse bear a prominent neural crest and the first is sutured to the basioccipltal and supraoccipital ; in D. orientalis the united anterior vertebra Fig. 5. -pror pror- , , lelh -lei-?? --pop- Skulls aud anterior vertebrre of A. Dactyloptena orientalis and B. Dactylopterus voUtcms, seen from above. pror^ praeorbital ; m, nasal ; leth, lateral etlimoid ; /, frontal ; p, parietal ; c, commissural bones ; spo, sphenotic ; pto, pterotic ; epo, epiotic ; soc, supraoccipital ; eoc, exoccipital ; 2^tte, post-temporal ; v, Vi, v^, V3, vertebrae. have only a low neural crest, but they have transverse pro- cesses which form a continuous shelf on each side ; those of the first vertebra are sutured to the exoccipitals and post- temporals, whilst those of the third are produced outwards and curve forwards to join the extremities of the post- temporal ; tiie anterior free prgecaudals have transverse processes which decrease backwards and are absent on the last two. The two genera also differ in cranial structure, for in D. volitans the epiotics meet behind the supraoccipital and in front of them the commissural bones appear as con- stituents of the cranial roof, whereas in D. orientalis the epiotics are separate and their inner edges diverge backwards. Also in D. volitans the praeorbitals meet at the end of the snout, but in D. orientalis they are well separated. Descriptions and Records of Bees. 185 XV. — Descriptions and Records of Bees. — XLIX. By T, D. A. Cockerels, University of Colorado. Collet es {lycii subsp. ?) pe7'twicus, sp. n. ? . — Lcnp;tli about 8 mm., anterior wing 6, Black ; hair of head' and thorax ratlier k)ng and abundant, below Avhite, above faintly tinged with yellowish, the vertex, disc of mesothorax, and scutellum with an admixture, not very conspicuous, of fuscous hairs ; mandibles rather dark ciiestuut-red ; malar space long, not quite H times breadth of base of mandibles ; labrum with a strong median groove, and faint ones on each side ; clypeus shining, inipunctate laterally, in the middle with a very broad median depression which is sparsely punctured, its sides above forming a pair of blunt shining ridges ; supraclypeal area smooth and shining ; eyes very prominent ; no distinct prothoraeic spines ; mesothorax brilliantly shining, Avith minute very sparse punctures; scutellum shining, the posterior half well punctured ; area of metathorax a transverse band, with many closely set ridges ; posterior face of metathorax with a large, shining, smooth, triangular area, but the other parts roughened ; pleura shining, with sparse small punctures ; tegulse reddish testaceous. Wings hvaline, very faintly brownish, the rather small stigma ruio-fuscons ; nervures fuscous ; second s.m. very broad, receiving first r. n. in middle. Legs black, with dark rufous tarsi, their hair pale, a little fuscous on outer side of hind tibiae. Abdomen rather narrow, brilliantl}'^ shining, with only the most minute, hardly visible, punctures, these scattered ; hind margins of segments broadly pale rufous ; basal half of first segment with long greyish-white hair ; second (most clearly toward base) and the remaining segments with short greyish tomen- tum, more or less covering the surface ; no liair-bauds ; apex Mith fuscous hair, Hab. Piura, Peru (C H. T. Townsend). This is smaller than C. lycii, Jorgensen, from Mendoza, but evidently closely allied. The localities are, however, over 2000 miles apart, and the partly fuscous hair of the head and thorax above, the entirely red mandibles, &c. are distinctive of the Peruvian insect. In the elypeal structure there is a resemblance to C. sulcatus, Vachal, from Chili. The known Peruvian Collates may be separated thus : — Legs with hair mostly black striginasis, Vachal. Legs with pale hair 1. 1. Malar space very short injlatus, Vachal. Malar space long peruvicus, Okll. Ann. c& Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xi. 13 186 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Deso-qytions and Andrena mitsukurii, sp. n. ^ . — Leugth about 11 mm., expanse about 17^. Black, with rather abundant dull white hair, faintly creamy-tinted on head and thorax, dark fuscous on face below antennae (but pale about mouth), rather narrowly fuscous also at sides of front, and some fuscous hair on thoracic dorsum ; fifth abdominal segment at apex, and sixth segment also^ with dark fuscous hair, some black hair on middle of fourth segment^ but the abdomen otherwise thinly covered with greyish-white erect hair, forming rather obscure fringes or bands at bases of second and third seg- ments^ but no apical hair-bands, the general appearance of the abdomen greyish hairy and unhanded. Legs with pale hair, light fawn on inner side of tarsi. Head not massive, but broad^ the facial quadrangle much broader than long ; mandibles and cheeks ordinary ; process of labrum broadly truncate ; antennae long, ordinary, black, third joint a little longer than fourth ; clypeus irregularly rugosely punctured, shining between the punctures ; malar space about twice as broad as long; front and vertex coarsely rugoso-punctate, a small triangular depression in front of middle ocellus ; mesothorax brilliantly shining, with strong and large but well separated punctures ; scutellum more densely and very irregularly punctured ; metathorax very coarsely sculptured, the poorly defined area very irregularly and coarsely reticu- late ; tegulse piceous. Wings fuscous ; stigma dark reddish, with fuscous margin, uervures dark fuscous ; second s.m. rather small, higher than broad, receiving first r. n. a little beyond middle. Legs slender, normal, the small joints of tarsi dark reddish. Abdomen very coarsely and strongly punctured, but shining between the dense punctures^ punc- tures on first segment larger than those on the others ; apical margins of first four segments raised, shining, and each of these segments with a quite deep, finely rugulose (not distinctly punctured), transverse submarginal sulcus, the sulcus and raised margin occupying about one-third of the second segment. The b. n. falls some distance short of t.-m. Hah. Japan (U.S. National Museum, 168). This and the following species are dedicated to Japanese naturalists. In Schmiedeknecht^s table of European species this runs to 98, and runs out because of the dark wings and prevailingly light hair of body. It is not like any species described from Japan or China. It resembles the subgenus Trachandrena, Rob., but the third antenual joint is not IxecorJs of Bees. 187 shorter than tlic fifth. The strongly i-aiscd hind margins of the ahdoiuinal segments giv(^ it a very peenliar aspect. The type of A. milsKkurii also hears the nnmhers 35^ (5, "Z^, and something in Japanese. Atidrena watasei, sp. n. S . — Length about 10^- mm., ex|)anse abont 18. lilaek, with a broad head and unusually small thorax; liair of head and thorax rather long and abundant, greyish Avhite, dorsally with oidy the faintest ereamy tint, but some daik grey or blackish hair on scape, sides of front, and middle of thoracic dorsum ; discs of abdominal segments beyond the second with more or less sooty liair, and that of apex pale sooty ; the abdomen in general, especially the second and third segments, is thinly clothed with pale hair, Avhich forms thin inconspicuous bands on the hind margins of the segments, but only at sides on first, lu'oadly inter- rnpted on second, and very Aveak in middle of third. Legs with white hair, pale purplish brown on inner side of tarsi. Head much broader than thorax ; face covered with long light hair; facial quadrangle broader than long; mandibles rather robust, ordinary ; face and front dull and granular ; cheeks not enlarged ; antennae long, black, ordinary, third joint rather short, but longer than fourth ; mesothorax and scutellum very shiny, with rather small but distinct and well separated punctures ; mesothorax dull in front ; meta- tliorax Avith very long hair, the area finely rugulose, not defined ; teguhe piceous. Wings strongly reddish, paler ■ basally, stigma and nervures ferruginous; b.n. meeting t.-c. ; second s.m. a little broader below tlian high, receiving r. n. a little beyond middle. Legs black, slender, ordinary. Abdomen shining, witli extremely minute punctures, best seen on first segment ; hind margins of segments not peculiar, second segment depressed about one-fourth. Malar space very short. Hub. Japan (U.S. National Museum, 132). Also labelled 35. 9. In Schmiedeknechl's table runs to 154, and runs out because wings are dusky and area of metathorax is only rugulose. It can be run on Avith some difficulty to A. pro- pinqua, from which it differs by the larger size, dark apical margins of abdominal segments, and generally pale hair of head and thorax. The general build and appearance of the insect is very like that of the American A. sayi, Rob., but the mesothorax is quite difierent. No closely similar Japanese species has been described. 13* 188 Mr. T. D. A. Cockeroll — Descriptions and Andrena nawai, sp. n. 5" . — Length about 13 mm. Black, iucludiug the anteniiee and legs, except the hiud knees, tibise, and tarsi, Tvhich are ferruginous ; head broad, facial quadrangle considerably broader than long : hair of front (especially at sides) and vertex black, but occiput and cheeks and middle and sides of face with abundant long fulvous hair : clypeus flat, its disc bare, "vrith a broad im- punctate band (not at all raised), but otherwise distinctly and rather closely punctured ; malar space rather large, but broader than long; facial foveje very broad, dark seal-brown, not separated from eye, going little below level of antennse ; third antennal joint a little longer than fourth and fifth combined; thorax densely clothed with long fulvous hair; mesothorax dull and granular, scutellum faintly shining ; area of metathorax triangular, poorly defined, its sides smoother than the densely granular adjacent parts, and feebly shining, its middle with a delicate raised line and its base obscurely rugulose ; tegulse dark brown, small and covered with hair. Wings brownish-hyaline, stigma and nervures dull ferruginous ; b. n. almost reaching t.-ra. ; second s.m. would be square were not the first t.-c. bent above ; first r. n. joining second s.m. near end ; third s.m. extremely long. Femora with long pale fulvous hair ; anterior and middle tibiae and tarsi with short fuscous hair ; hind tibife and tarsi with clear red hair ; curled floccus at base of hind legs large. Abdomen with the surface finely granular, sericeous, shining, without distinct punctures, hind margins of segments very narrowly reddish brown ; second segment depressed at least two-fifths, but the depression feeble ; abdomen with abundant long fulvous hair, which forms continuous bands on hind margins of segments, but the bauds are only defined by the greater density of the hair ; apex with rufo-fulvous hair. Hab. Japan (U.S. National ^luseum, 126). A well-marked species, running in Schmiedeknecht^s table nearest to A. opaca, Morawitz, but differing greatly in the colour of the pubescence. It is very much like A. trhnmerana (Kirby) from France, and must be considered a member of the same group. In addition to the colour-differences, however, the sides of the upper part of the metathorax in trimmerana are rather shining, with a distinct punctiform sculpture, not entirely opaque and evenly granular as in nawai. liecords of Dees. ISO Andrena sasakii, sp. ii. c? . — Length about 12 mm. Black, inchuling- antcniuc aud len^s, except that the small joints ofc' tarsi arc f'eirugiuous ; hind margins of abdominal segments broadly rufo-testaceous ; hair of head and thorax long and abundant, light fulvous, nowhere mixed with black or fuscous ; head broader than thorax, facial quadrangle much broader than long, cheeks broad but not ])eculiar, malar space very short, mandibles normal ; clypeusand face rugulusc, feebly shining, almost hidtlen by hair ; third an- tennal joint equal to fourth, fifth shorter; vertex and front dull aud grauular ; mcsothorax and scutellum dull and finely granular; area of metathorax granular, hardly defined, rugulosc at base ; tegulie dark rufous. AYings brownish liyaliue, stigma and nervures ferruginous; b. n. meeting t.-m. ; second s.m. broad, receiving first r. n. at middle ; third s.m. not nearly so long as in A. uaicai. Legs ordinary, with pale hair. Abdomen shining, without distinct punc- tures, thinly covered with pale ochraceous hair, not forming distinct bands ; apical plate broadly truncate, shallowly sub- emarginate, with a thick brush of hair beneath ; venter normal. Process of labrum very broad and low, truncate, not notched. Hub. Japan (U.S. National Museum, L33). lluus in Schmiedekuecht's table to A.fulvida, Schenck, but is a considerably larger species, with paler nervures. It must be allied to the Japanese A. hebes, Perez, but is larger and differently sculptured. I give a key to the known Andrena of Japan : — Tegument of clypeus variabU' pale, clypeus soaietimes practically all pale ; abdomen shining, with hind margins of segments testaceous. (Tokio and Wasaka.) .... knuthi, Alfk. cf Tegument of face wholly black 1. 1. Clypeus prominent, very convex trans- versely, straight in profile ; scutellum strongly bigibbous : length 13 mm. (Yokohama.) prostomias, PtSrez. $ . Clypeus normal 2. 2. A long spine or tooth near the base of each mandible 3. "\^'ithout such a spine or tooth 4. 3. Third antennal joint much shorter than fourth ; cheeks broad, angled behind above middle. (Yokohama.) dentata, Smith. S ■ Third antennal joint longer than fourth ; species near to .4 . /ero.r, Kirb. (Yoko- hama.) simnUms, Perez. (S . 190 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and 4. Abdomen with a delicate bluish tint ; allied to A. apicata, Sm. : length 13 mm. At flowers of Acer in April. (Tokio.) .... consimilis, Alfk, .9. Abdomen not at all metallic 5. 5. Hair of head and thorax above a lively red ; malar space long ; abdomen very shijiy, hairy. (Yokohama.) hiscutata, Perez, c?. Hair of head and thorax fulvous or whitish, not brightly coloured 6, 6. Hind margins of abdominal segments ele- vated ; thorax and abdomen with large _ strong punctures mitt one Feb. 12, at flowers of Ipomoea sidafolia {IV. F. CockereU). Panurginus pectiphilus, sp. u. $ . — Length about 5 mm., anterior wing 4*25. Robust, black, with a broad abdomen ; pubescence scanty, dull wliite, dense at apex of abdomen and quite thick ou legs ; facial quadrangle broader than long ; eyes dark green ; mandibles ferruginous, darkened at base and apex; process of labriim concave above, very broad, the margin gently rounded ; clypcus and face shining, but strongly and closely punctured ; flagellum very bright ferruginous beneath, except at base, the apical joint also clear red above ; vertex brilliantly shining, but well punctured ; mesothorax and scutellum shining, but distinctly and rather closely punc- tured ; middle of metathorax shining, the apical pit deep and large, the basal enclosure represented by a very narrow rugose groove^ tubercles densely covered with short greyish- white hair ; tegular ferruginous. Wings hyaline, nervures and stigma rufo-fuscous ; b. u. falling a considerable distance short of t.-m. ; second s.m. long, receiving first r. n. about or a little before the end of its first fourth ; tibiae and tarsi with much white hair. Abdomen hairy at sides, apex, and on venter only ; apical margins of segments broadly de- pressed, minutely transversely lineolate; the discs of seg- ments minutely roughened or punctate, the second segment (except the depression) with uniform fine punctures all over, the surface shining. Hab. Soledad Canon, Organ ]\Its., New Mexico, at flowers of Pedis papposa ; the hind legs loaded with pollen [C. H. T. Toivnsend) . This cannot be the female of P. townsendi, from the same mountains, owing to the difference in venation. It is a peculiar, compact little species, not very close to any other known to me. In the table of $ Panurginus in Entom. News, May 1907, p. 185, it runs nearest to P. innuptus (at least the small joints of hind tarsi being clear red), but that is a much larger insect, and has a large sculptured basal area of metathorax. Panurginus nuhis, sp. n. ? . — Length nearly 7 mm., anterior wing 5. Black, rather slender, but with a broad head, the facial 194 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell — Descriptions and quadrangle broader than long ; pubescence white, scanty, tinged with yellow on apex of abdomen and inner side of tarsi ; liead, thorax, and abdomen brilliantly shining, but the front, except at sides, dull and densely granular-punctate, the bases of tlie second and third abdominal segments also with broad dull microscopically sculptured bands ; apical part of mandibles dark reddish ; process of labrum very large, shining and concave above, broadly truncate at apex, but the truncation gently rounded ; clypeus with rather sparse irregular strong punctures, and a deep median linear groove on the upper two-thirds ; sides of face shining, with the punctures running more or less in lines ; flagellum dark castaneous beneath except at base ; sides of vertex shining, irregularly rugoso-punctate ; mesothorax shining and sparsely punctured, with deep median and parapodial grooves ; area of metathorax small, finely striate; tubercles shining, thickly fringed with pale greyish hair ; tegulse rufo-testaceous, darker basally. Wings dilute brownish, the large stigma and nervurcs f usco-ferruginous ; b. n. falling a trifle short of t.-m. ; marginal cell brpadly truncate ; first r. n. joining second s.m. about one-fourth of the distance from base. Legs black, hind tarsi dark brown. Abdomen elongate, the hind margins of the segments very broadly depressed, the shining depression of second segment about as broad as the part before, the latter consisting of an opaque anterior half, and a shining posterior one, the two parts abruptly separated, but the extreme base narrowly shiny ; fifth ventral segment deeply grooved in middle, the groove ending at the apex of a large triangular light ferruginous area. Hah. Cloudcroft, New Mexico, Sept. 5 {Cockerell). A commonplace looking species, but with good characters. Compared with P. j)orter(E it is smaller but very similar, yet easily distinguished by the second abdominal segment^ which has the abruptly defined opaque basal part so closely sculptured that the punctures cannot be separately made out with a lens ; whei'eas in porter(S the basal ]3art has distinct punctures, is not opaque, and is not abruptly defined. Compared with P. ornatipes, P. nubis has a much narrower thorax and much broader process of labrum. It is not the female of P. barberi, from the same region_, as the meso- thorax is much more sparsely sculptured, and the paler stigma is narrower and more pointed at end. On the whole, P. nubis is closest to P. didin/pa, which differs from it by the broader smooth band between the opaque band and apical depression on second abdominal segment, the lack of Records of Dees. 195 ti distinct linear sulcus on the clypeus, and the fifth ventral segment with only a feebly depressed median line and poorly developed apical area. Panurginus ximenesice, sp. n. ? . — Lcnj2^th about 6 mm. Head and thorax shining black, uith scanty white hair, mctathorax dark brown, tubercles light yellow, but face Avholly black ; eyes blue-green ; facial quadrangle broader than long ; mandibles reddened apically ; process of labrum rather long and narrow^ abruptly truncate ; clypeus sparsely but distinctly punctured, not sulcate • middle of front closely and finely punctured ; Hagellum rather bright ferruginous beneath except at base ; mesothorax shining, with sparse feeble punctures ; mctathorax subopa([ue, shiny just above the truncation^ the extreme base rough, but hardly any defined area ; teguhe pellucid testaceous. AVings hyaline, faintly dusky, stigma and nervures pale reddish brown; b. n. falling short of t.-m. ; first s.m. very long; first r. n. joining second s.m. just beyond end of first fourth. Legs reddish brown, with white hair, anterior and middle knees light yellow. Abdomen rather dark red-brown, shining, the basal halves of second and following segments dullish, minutelyand densely rugoso-punctate, this sculptured part not abruptly defined ; fifth ventral segmeut depressed, in middle. Hub. jNIcsilla Park, New Mexico, at flowers of Verbesina {Ximenesia) exauricalata, close to the Agricultural College, Sept. 12 {Cockerel/, 5057). A very distinct little species, looking at first like a small edition of P. jjerlmvis, but readily known by the light tubercles and details of sculpture, as well as the size. Another addition to the list of New Mexico Panvrginiis as given in Trans. Amer. Eutom. Soc. xxxii. p. 299, is P. piercei, Crawf., which I collected at Raton. P.S. — My friend Mr. H. Ichinose has kindly interpreted the Japanese characters on the labels of some of the species of Andrena described above, as follows : — Andrena naivai. Shimura field, April 15, 1900. Andrena watasei. Nikko. Andrena mitsukurii. Nishigaha (a town near Tokio). 196 Major T. Broun on some XVI. — Descriptions of New Zealand Species of Pselaphidae fruni Dr. Shai'p's Collection in the British Museum. By Major T. Broun, F.E.S. A PAPER containing descriptions of new species of Faronini was forwarded to London for publication about two months ago. The present one deals principally with the Euplectiui ; but seven or eight species of the genus Euplectopsis must remain without names at present, as ]\I. Ach. Rattray has in his possession, from Greymouth, several closely allied, perhaps identical, species which he may have described at ilome. Mount Albert, Auckland, N.Z., 4tli Xovember, 1912. List of neiv Species described, ivith numbers according tvith those in the ' Manual of Neiv Zealand Coleoptera? ErPLECTIXI. 3494. Euplectopsis sanguineus. 3495. „ duplicatus. 3496. „ clavatulus. 3497. Plectomorplius longiceps. 3498. „ brevicornis. 3499. ,, egenus. 3500. Yidamus luodestus. 3501. „ sternalis. 3502. Zealandius fovealis. BRACHYGLrilNI. 3503. Eupines simplex. Group E u p L E c T I X I. Euplectopsis, Raffray. Wj'tsmau's Gen. Ins., Pselaphidae, 1908, p. ^^. 3494. Euplectopsis sanguineus, sp. n. Shining, sanguineous ; legs and antennae light fusco- rufous, palpi and tarsi flavesceut ; pubescence yellowish grey, somewhat curled, with a few long erect set^ behind, the second and third dorsal segments with some very short, depressed, brassy, squamiform setae. Head longer than broad, evidently smaller than the thorax, slightly narrowed behind, with obtuse hind angles ; depressed and smooth in front, antennal tubercles some- what elevated but small, the foveae rather ill-defined, placed i\'c?6' Zealand Psclapliidse. 107 further bcick than tlic nyes and iirolonged forwards, the occiput andsidcs distinctly punctate. Ei/es small, composed ap|)arontly of three or four coarse facets. Thorax about as loiij:; as broad, widest and rounded at, or just ])efore, the middle, rather more narrowed in front than behind ; central elianncl deep and broad, extcndin;^ from near tlie apex to the rather broader basal depression, which is connected 'with the deep lateral foveie by a groove. The sides in front of these fovceeseem swollen and the base is bi|)unctate. Elytra quite a third longer and l)roader than the thorax, a little narrowed before the middle; sutural striic well-marked, deep, broad and fovciform at the base; intra-huraeral impressions also broad and deep at the base, the interval between each of these and the sutural stiia appearing sub- carinate ; they become obsolete towards the niidillc and, in certain lights, seem duplicated ; the suture is minutely seriate-punctate, the rest of the surface has a few indistinct scattered punctures. Hind body much shorter than the elytra, curvedly narrowed and deflexed behind, with a few very fine punctures, basal segment horizontal and quite as long as the next one. Aniemue shorter than the head and thorax, rather slender ; basal two joints almost equal, stout and oblong : joints 3-8 small and subglobular, slightly broader than long, ninth similar to the preceding one and only a little larger, tenth transverse, yet scarcely twice the breadth of the eighth, the terminal elongate-conical, distinctly acuminate and fully the length of the preceding four combined. Most nearly allied to the northern E. tumidus (3379), but with even more acuminate terminal joints to the antcinue, the other joints also different. The head is rather smaller, more deeply depressed in front, so that its hinder portion is more convex in the middle, and it is less punctate ; the elytra arc broader behind. ? . Length l:^ ; breadth \ ram. Greymouth.. One, found by Mr. R. Helms, in Dr. Sharp's eolleclion, British Museum. 3495. Eitplectopsis dupHcatus, sp. n. Nitid, slightly convex, moderately elongate, not slender ; somewhat castaneo-rufous, elytra brighter, legs and antennte of a paler hue, tarsi and palpi flavescent ; sparingly clothed with suberect, unequally elongate, yellowish hairs, the head with numerous shorter decumbent ones. Head not much smaller than the thorax, moderately closely and distinctly punctate : genae narrowed behind 198 Major T. Broun on some with obtuse angles ; the fovese rather shallow, not distinctly extending forwards to the rather flat forehead ; auteunal tubercles" distant and small, Ei/es moderately large^ not verv convex, situated at the middle. Thorax of about equal leu'ffth and breadth, rounded and widest just before the middle, rather more narrowed in front than behind ; it is quite distinctly but irregularly punctured, most closely near the base ; lateral foveae subrotundate and deep, without any definite anterior prolongation, and not distinctly united to the semicircular basal fossa, discal furrow moderately broad and deep and almost reaching the apex. Elytra subquadrate, with somewhat rounded shoulders, a little depressed at the base and apex, without definite puuctation; sutnral striae broad, deep, and foveiforni at the base, but duplicated for most part of their length, the outer border of each carinate at the base, more feebly so behind ; intra-humeral im, pressions also deep and broad at the base, but becoming obsolete towards the middle. Hind body rather shorter than the elvtra. much narrowed and deflexed near the extremity. the basal three segments subequal. Legs rather long, simple. Antenna fully the length of the head and thorax ; basal ioint cvlindrical and nearly twice as long as broad, second oviform, evidently longer than broad, the next small and subovate, joints 4-8 small and mouiliform, the eighth shortest, fifth and seventh slightly larger than adjacent ones, ninth moderate, distinctly larger than the preceding one, but not as broad as the trans\erse tenth, the terminal one nearly the length of the preceding three combined, conical and acuminate. Underside finely pubescent, pale chestnut-red. Prostei'uuiu carinate along the middle. Metasicrnum convex and moderately elongate. Basal veiftral segment covered by the femora, second obtusely elevated across the middle for nearly half of its whole breadth and minutely ciliate behind, third curvedlv depressed across the middle of the base and about as long as the following two singly, sixth large, obtusely triangular, the operculum distinct, oviform, and extending from the apex nearly to the base. After studying the descriptions of the five species (3198- 3202) referred to Trichonyx by Herr Reitter, I feel pretty sure that the peculiar duplication of the sutnral striae and the rather plane head are sufficiently good distinguishing characters. None described by me are exactly similar. cJ . Length 1^ ; breadth \ mm. Greymouth {Helms). British Museum. A single male from Dr. Sharp's collection. New Zealand Pselapliidic. 100 319G. Euplectoj'Sis clavatulus, sp. n. Elongate, not slender, slightly convex, nitid, finely, irre^idarly, but not closely punctate ; castaneo-rufous, legs and antcniiie paler, palpi iind tarsi flavcsceiit ; rather thinly clothed with dccumbeut, distinct, greyish pubescence. Head smaller than the thorax, gcnuj nearly straight, with obtuse angles; the I'ovese distinct, more or less couHueut in front, antennal tubercles distant, rather small. Tlwrax narrow, oviform, rather longer than broad, moderately rounded near the middle, less narrowed behind than iu front, where it is almost as broad as the occiput ; discal furrow well nuirked, extending from tlie base nearly to the apex, hiteral Ibveaj subrotundate, rather large and deep, and united to the rather narrow basal depression. Elytra sub- oblong, about a third longer than the thorax, evidently broader than it is, a little rounded near the shoulders ; sutural stiiae well marked throughout but not broad, jjuncti- form at the base, with a basal puncture alongside each ; the intra-humeral impressions short and broad, indistinctly duplicated, bipunctate at the base. Hind body as broad as the wing-cases, deflexed behind and therefore appearing shorter, the basal three segments slightly increasing. Leys stout, the anterior tibiae somewhat arched and longer than the others. Antennce rather shorter than the head and thorax, moderately stout, gradually incrassate from the seventh joint onwards ; second joint oblong-oval, nearly as long as the basal, third slightly longer than broad, fourth and fifth about eqvial, neither quite as long as broad, sixth smallest, seventh rather broader than the sixth, joints 8-10 suc- cessively dilated, eleventh conical, subacurainate, hardly the length of the preceding three. Aletasternum moderately elongate and convex. Basal ventral sejimeut partly covered by the femora, segments 2—1 slightly increasing, fifth widely incurved behind, barely half the length of its predecessor in the middle, sixth semi- circularly emarginate, the seventh with a distinct oblong operculum. Kather broader than Reitter's E. longicoUis (3198), and at once differentiated by the gradual enlargement of the last five antennal joints, forming a sort of elongated club ; and as each elytron is quadripunctate at the base, this species exhibits two well-marked characters which, iu conjunction, and independently of details of sculpture, separate it from any other species known to me, c? . Length H ; breadth quite ^ mm. 200 Major T. Broun oji some Greymoutli. Found by Mr. Helms. One example in Dr. Sharp^s collection, British Museum. Plectomorphus, RafFray. Wvtsman's Geu. lus., PselapLidse, 190S, p. 105. 3497. Plectumorphns longiceps, sp. n. Subdepressedj sliining, sanguineous, antennae and legs paler, palpi and tarsi fulvescent ; pubescence greyish, mingled with long erect hairs. Head large, as long as the thorax aud, in line with the moderately prominent eyes, as broad as it is, geuse slightly narrowed towards the rounded hind angles; its surface shining but minutely asperate, the central portion obtusely elevated as far as the eyes, broadly depressed be- tween, and just behind, the elevated antennal tubercles, which are vertical in front ; the well-marked foveae, situated just behind the eyes, are prolonged to the frontal depression. Thorax quite as long as broad, widest and rounded before the middle, more narrowed in front than behind ; its sculpture similar to, but more distant than, that of the head ; mesial channel deep, extending from the apex to the angulate basal depression, this is united to the lateral foveae, which are prolonged as grooves almost to the apex. Elytra sub- quadrate, distinctly narrowed before the middle, of equal length and breadth, with fine indefinite sculpture ; sutural striae broad and deep, not distinctly foveate at the base, intra-lmraeral impressions also broad and deep, indistinctly prolonged to the middle. Hind body nearly as broad as but evidently shorter than the elytra, basal segment slightly longer than the next, with a short median depression in front, these two are horizontal, the others deflexed. Antenn(£ elongate, as long as the head and thorax, rather slender, finely pubescent ; basal joint cylindrical, quite twice as long as broad, second fully half the length of the first, oblong, joints 3-6 decreasing in length, more or less longer than broad, eighth very slightly broader than the oviform seventh, ninth rather broader than the eighth, bead-like, but hardly as broad as the subquadrate tenth, the terminal conical, subacuminate, nearly as long as the preceding two combined. "When compared with the type of the genus, P. spinifer (2-i76), this is seen to be larger, its head is manifestly longer, more oviform, and with obsolete hind angles, the thorax is longer, the elytra are more narrowed near the base, with New Zealand Pselapliida?. 201 larger intra-humeral impressions, the abdomen is shorter, but the anteiinaj are longer, with a decidedly more elongate basal joint. ? . Length 2^ ; breadth ^ mm. Greymouth (Helms). One from Dr. Sharp's collection in the British Museum. 3498. Pkctomorphus brevicornis, sp. u. Elongate, rather narrow, glossy, with greyish-yellow, depressed and subereot but not very elongate, pubescence; head and thorax sanguineous, abdomen more iuFuscate, elytra fulvo-rufous, legs and antennae of a lighter hue, tarsi and palpi flaveseent. Head as broad, in line with the rather large moderately convex eyes, as the middle of the thorax but a good deal shorter than it is, the gense distinctly narrowed behind, with obtuse hind angles ; its narrow central portion is convex and projects as far as the front of the eyes ; the depression between the antennal tubercles is divaricate and extends backwards near each side, becoming gradually broader and deeper near the base, so that the usual fovese are obliterated. At the middle of the base there is a minute angular impression. Thorax scarcely longer than broad, slightly rounded and widest before the middle, only very slightly and gradually narrowed behind, more, and quite obliquely, in front ; central channel deep, extending from near the apex to the base, but hardly any broader behind than at the middle, so that the common basal depression is only marked off l)y the strip uniting it to the large lateral fove^, which are prolonged as grooves to the front. Ebjtra suboblong, athird longer than the thorax, slightly nan-owed near the shoulders, indistinctly punctate; sutural striae deep, foveiform at the base, alongside each there is a basal fovea which is nearly equal in size to the short, foveiform intra-humeral im- pressions. Hind body nearly as long and broad as the elytra, with the basal three segments nearly horizontal and equal. Leys slender, simple. * Antennce shorter than the head and thorax, with elongate slender pubescence ; the suboblong (rotundate in one antenna) second joint nearly as long as the basal ; joints 3-8 transverse, fifth and seventh only a little larger, the sixth and eighth rather smaller than the other ones, ninth nearly double the size of the eighth and almost as broad as the transverse tenth, the terminal one conical but not acu- minate, hardly the length of the preceding two combined. Ann, dj Maj. i\^ Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xi. 1-i 202 Major T. Broun on some The relatively large cres^ occupying a third of the length o£ each side of the rather short head, the unusual basal sculpture of the elytra, and the short antennfe, all the joints of Avhich except the basal two and the eleventh are tiansverse, indicate a new form intermediate between this genus and Eiipltciojms. Though more like the latter genus in form, its broad head and trisulcate thorax do not accord with typical species, and as there is only a solitary individual, it is not advisable to institute a new genus for its reception. Length If ; breadth ^ mm. Auckland. British Museum, from Dr. Sharp's collection. 3499. Plectomorphus e genus, sp. n. Nitid, very slightly convex, fulvo-testaceous ; legs and antennae paler, bearing depressed, slender, greyish pubescence. Head as large as the thorax, rounded behind the rather large eyes, with obsolete hind angles, the fovese prolonged and confluent in front, antennal tubercles slightly elevated and distinctly separated. Thorax rather broader than long, a little rounded and widest near the front, obliquely nar- rowed there, very gradually behind ; central channel broad and deep, extending almost from the apex to the base, with a transverse stria uniting it to the lateral foveee, which extend as grooves to the fi'ont. Elytra slightly narrowed before the middle, suboblong, with broad sutural striae ; these are punctiform at the base, with a distinct basal punc- ture alongside each, intra-humeral impi'essions foveiform, rather short and only obsoletely prolonged backwards. Hind body almost as broad as the elytra, but much shorter, its basal segment nearly as long as either of the next two. Legs simple, slender. Antenna rather stout, of nearly the same length as the head and thorax, with slender pubescence ; second joint subrotundate and about as large as the exposed portion of the first, third small, slightly narrowed at the base, joints 4-8 transversely moniliform, the sixth and eighth just perceptibly smaller than the seventh, ninth and tenth transverse, the former not quite as broad as the other, eleventh conical, not acuminate, nearly equalling the preceding two. Less elongate and convex than P. brevicornis, with almost similarly formed antennae, the head rather broader and more curvate behind, the thorax and elytra slightly shorter, the intra-humeral impressions not so deep, and the abdomen New Zealand Pselapliidse. 20B evidently shorter. Fully matured individuals are doubtless more rul'cscent. Length \k ; breadth i mm. Tairua. This seems to be another of my unique specimens sent to Dr. Sharp and now preserved iu the British Museum. ViDAMUS, Raffray. Wytsman's Gen. lus., Pselaphidaa, 1908, p. 89. 3500, Vidamus modestus, sp. n. Elongate, rather narrow, subparallel, nitid, very slightly convex, castaneo-rufous, with the antennae and legs paler, tarsi and palpi flaveseent ; clothed with depressed, short, yellowish-grey pubescence. Head rather short, gradually yet distinctly narrowed behind the moderately large eyes, its hind angles obtuse and but little broader tban the tboracic apex in the female ; in the male subquadrate, with the obtuse hind angles evidently broader than the front of the thorax ; the forehead obtusely angulate in the middle and oblique towards the sides, the foveae situated just behind the eyes and prolonged into the slight impression across the forehead. Thorax small, subeordate, rounded and widest just before the middle, ■with a large rotundate fovea at each side and *an angulate depression in the middle in front of the base, united by a transverse stria ; the basal margin is tripunctate. Elytra suboblong, slightly narrowed near the shoulders, without perceptible punetation , sutural strise well marked, deepest at the base, where there is a small puncture near each ; intra-humeral irapi*essions foveiform. Hind body rather narrower than the elytra but nearly as long, basal segment almost as long as the second or third, the others deilexed. Legs rather slender, simple. Antenna shorter than the head and thorax, distinctly pubescent towards the extremity ; second joint oblong-oval, about as long as the basal, third smaller than second, yet distinctly longer than broad, fourth to eighth small and moniliform, fifth and seventh slightly larger, ninth dis- tinctly larger than eighth, but not as bi'oad as the transverse tenth, the terminal conical and acuminate, longer than the preceding two united. Male. — Underside chestnut-red, finely pubescent ; abdomen finely punctate, segments 2-4 slightly decreasing, fifth rather 14* 204 Major T. Broun on some shorter than fourth, slightly hut widely emarginate hehind, sixth large, deeply medially coucave hehind, the supple- mentary one suhquadiate. Much more slender than Sharp's E?/pIecti(S convexus (254) and differing from all the older species descrihed hy myself hy the shorter, posteriorly narrowed, head of the female and other details. Length 1§ ; breadth \ mm. Tairua, Auckland. Three found by myself and sent to Dr. Sharp about forty years ago. In the British Museum. 3501. Vidamus sternalis, sp. n. Elongate, subdepressed, shining, finely punctate, with fine, suberect, yellowish-grey pubescence ; head, thorax, and abdomen castaneo-rufous ; elytra, legs, and antennae fulvescent. Head not perceptibly narrower than the middle of the thorax, with rounded hind angles ; the fovese are placed near the base and extend forwards as broad channels to the slightly raised frontal margin ; when examined sideways the transverse frontal impression seems obsolete. Thorax slightly longer than broad, rounded and widest just before the middle, the postmedian depression angular and ending as a puncture at the basal margin ; there is another basal punc- ture at each'side of the middle ; lateral fovese deep, united to the central depression by a groove. Elytra suboblong, a little narrowed near the shoulders, fully a third longer and broader than the thorax ; sutural strise well marked, punctiform at the base, and with a small basal puncture alongside each ; intra-humeral impressions short, each minutely bipunctate at the base. Hind body as long as the elytra, the intermediate segments about equal. Leys simple. AntenncB as long as the head and thorax; second joint sub- quadrate and shorter than the basal one, third and fifth slightly larger than the fourth, joints 6-8 slightly increasing in breadth, ninth not as broad as the transverse tenth terminal one twice the length of its predecessor. Underside chestnut-red. Metasternum with a punctiform fovea behind each of the middle coxae and another near each side. Abdomen elongate ; second and third segments equal, each longer than the basal one, fifth densely and minutely setose in front, with a linear impression across the middle, so that this segment seems duplicated (no distinct suture, however, can be seen), sixth large, slightly rounded behind, but damaged and detached. New Zealand Pselapliidae. 205 The head and thorax are longer than those of V. modestus, the sutural striie are deeper and broader, the anteunac are more iuerassate towards tlie extremity, and tlie metasteriial foveaj have not been noticed in any other species. Length 2 ; breadth nearly .', mm. Grey mouth {Helms). One from Dr. Sharp's collection, British Museum. Zealandius, Raffray. Wytsman's Gen. Ins., PselapbiJ:e, lUOS, p. HI. 3502. Zealandius foveali.t, sp. n. Elongate, rather narrow, nitid, head subopaque ; clothed with decumbent greyish pul)escence and long upright setai ; dark rufous, legs and antennie pale chestuut-red, tarsi and palpi tlavescent. Head smaller than the thorax, narrowed in front of the minute eyes ; genaj slightly narrowed behind, witlj obtuse angles, moderately closely and distinctly punctate ; antennal tubercles distant and slightly elevated, the foveie small, situated just behind the eyes and only indistinctly prolonged to the flattened forehead. Thorax subcordate, widest before the middle, more gradually narrowed behind than in front, of about equal length and breadth, more distinctly punc- tured near the base than elsewhere ; discal furrow mode- rately deep and extending from near the apex to the angular basal depression ; lateral fovcie subrotundate, without any perceptible anterior prolongation, and not dcHnitely con- nected with the basal fossa. Elytra scarcely longer than broad, curvedly nax'rowed towards the base and but little wider than the thorax there ; they are only slightly trans- versely convex and somewhat indefinitely punctured ; sutural striae broad, foveiform and deep at the base, and apparently duplicated, the dorsal nearly similar but more shallow behind, the interstices earinate. Addornen as long as the wing-cases, as broad at the base, but narrowed and detlexed posteriorly ; basal three segments nearly horizontal and slightly increasing. Antenna as long as the head and thorax, rather thickly pubescent towards the extremity ; basal joint reel, cylindrical, its length nearly double the breadth, second shorter, oljloug- oval, the next distinctly narrowed at the base, joints 4-7 monililorm and almost equal, eighth smaller than seventh, contracted apically, ninth and tenth subquadrate, the latter 206 On some New Zealand Pselaphidge. the larger, both evidently larger than the preceding ones^ the terminal one largest, conical and acurainatei Only a single species has been recorded from the same locality — Z.fulgens (3384) ; bnt it is a much broader insect, •with a large Vidamus-Ml'ie head, and, moreover, the lateral thoracic fovese are prolonged as grooves to the front. It differs also from the other members of Section 2 by the more elongate hind body, narrower head, and the almost entire absence of the usual transverse connecting stria between the lateral fovese and basal fossa. Length l|j breadth \ mm. Greymouth {Mr. R. Helms). One (a female, I believe) from Dr. Sharp's collection, British Museum. Group Brachyglutini. EupiNES, King. Wytsman's Gen. Ins., Pselapliidte, 1908, p. 200. 3503. Eupines simplex^ sp. n. Glabrous, shining, smooth, moderately convex ; piceo- rufous, with the legs and antennre rufesceut, tarsi and palpi obscurely testaceous. Head subquadrate, somewhat narrowed behind the mode- rately large eyes, with two small interocular fovese, and (in the male only) biimpressed in front. Thorax about as long as broad, rounded and widest before the middle, without definite sculpture. Elytra nearly double the length and breadth of the thorax and, in conjunction with the abdomen, of uninterruptedly oval contour, with fine sutural strije. Legs elongate, simple. Antenna as long as the head and thorax, their terminal three joints more thickly pubescent than the others and distinctly larger ; basal joint stouter but hardly any longer than the oblong second, third and fourth rather smaller than the following one, seventh and eighth bead-like and slightly broader than the preceding ones, ninth transverse, distinctly broader than the eighth but smaller than the tenth, the terminal one large, subconical, twice the length of the tenth. Underside dark red, finely and distantly punctate, with numerous slender, decumbent, yellowish hairs. Metasternum unimpressed. Basal ventral segment invisible in the middle, second nearly as large as the remaining ones combined, the next two very short in the middle, the terminal large. On the Coleopterous Genus Lemodes. 207 Female. — Thorax with a sli^lit transverse impression near each side of the base. Antcniial joints 9 and 10 evidently narrower than the hii<(e terminal one. E. piciceps (233) is the nearest ally, but in it joints 2-7 of the antennic are evidently longer than broad. Lenfi;th H ; breadth quite ^ mm. Tairua, Auckland. Sent by myself to Dr. Sharp about forty years ago, both sexes; now in the British Museum. XVII. — On the Systematic Position of the Coleopterous Genus Lemodes {Heteromera)^ with Notes on some Allied Genera. By K. G. Blair, B.Sc., F.E.S. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) The genus i^emo(/«5 was created in 1858 by Boheman (' Voy. de la Fiegate Eugenie,' Ins. p. 103) for the reception of the brilliant little Australian L. coccinea, Boliem., and was placed by its author in the family Pyrochroiche. Here it was left by Lacordaire (Gen. Col. v. p. GOi) with an expression of doubt as to its being correctly included in the family, from the other members of which it presents many- points of difference. Since this date (1859) many other species of the genus have been described witiiout any alteration being made in its systematic position : in 1873 Macleay described L. master.H from Gayndah, Queensland (Trans. Ent. See. N.S.W. ii. p. 308) ; in 1883 Uberthiir (Col. Novit. i. p. 63) described L. albertisi from New Guinea and L. atricoUis from Victoria (a further note on the latter by M. Pie appeared in ' L'Echange,' xxii. 190G, p. bQ) ; in 1895 Lea (Proe. Linn, Soc.N.S.W. (2) x. p. 282) described L. elongata and L. corticalis, folloVed in 1906 (07^. cit. vol. xxxi. p. 226) by L. splendtns, all from New South AVales ; while, to con- clude the list, in Ann.& Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix. 1912, p. 533, I added L. cceruleiventris and L. tumid ipennis. The last species was described upon a single specimen bearing no nearer indication of its habitat than "Australia," but since then, by the courtesy of Commander Walker, I have been enabled to examine a series of the same species taken by him in conjunction with 2Ir. H. J. Carter at Otford in the Illawarra district, S^^dney. Mr. Carter informs me further that it occurs in the North Coast district also. It is found on or under rotten bark and in the rotten wood of old 208 On the Goleop'erous Genus Lcmode?. timber in the " scrub,'*' and appiirenlly feeds on the fungoid growths infesting such situations. It is not gregarious like L. coccinea, Boh. L. tumidipennis differs very considerably from tlie other species of the genus Lemodes, not only in the peculiar form of tlie elytra, which may indeed be considered merely an exagge- ration of that which is found in L. coccinea, but also in the lack of the long silky red pubescence, witii which the others are for the most part clothed, and more particularly in the shape of the head, which instead of being strongly transverse and subtriangular in outline, and almost truncate behind the eyes, is almost circular in outline and strongly rounded behind the eyes. The prothorax is about half as long again as it is broad and more strongly compressed laterally before the base, so that it appears lo bulge out dorso-ventrally. These characters certainly warrant generic separation, and 1 propose for it the name Lemodinus. The small size and general facies of this insect give it a distinctly Antliicid appearance, indeed a search amongst the unnamed Antliicid material in the i\luseum Collection re- vealed the presence of some of the specimens taken by Commander Walker and presented by him. An examination of the characters, together with those of Lemodes, proves that both these genera should be transferred to the Anthi- cidse. The deep form of the body, not at all depressed, the more or less moniliform antenna?, the small, entire, and prominent eyes, the constiicted prothorax, and, finally, the broad triangular intercoXcd process of the abdomen all point to their true affinities with the Anthicidae and are characters all quite foreign to the Pyrochroidse. Herr von Krekich- Strassoldo informs me further that the genitalia agree in general wnth those of the Anthicida?, and that the lower wings, while belonging, as do those of all the Heteromera, to Gangl- bauer's Type 111. (Mtinchener Koleopt. Zeitschr. 1903, p. 'I'^ri, or Gahan in Entom. vol. xliv. 1911, p. 125), yet in Lemodes show a more develo))ed form than appears in the Pyrochroidai ; in the Anthicidse these organs show very considerable variety in their degree of development. To the same group of genera as indicated by ^Iv. Black- burn (Trans. Roy. JSoc. tS. Austr. 1899, vol. xxiii. p. 83) belongs his genus Trichananca. Mr. Blackburn has suffi- ciently demonstrated the relationship of T. victoriensis, Blackbn., with Lemodes, indeed he considered that L. corti- calis, Lea = T. vicionensis, Blackbn^ (the latter name taking precedence); while an examination of the tj'pe of T. victoriensis now in the collection of the British Museum makes it clear On S. American LepoiiJae. 200 tliat its relationship with tlie Anthicid genus Tomoderus is at least equally close. From Tomoderus, Tricliananca differs in tiie peculiar formation of its anterior tarsi and in its more slender antennse, the individual joints of which are all con- siderably elongate. I cannot accept Blackburn's statement that " the relation between the head and the protliorax is quite as in Techmessa^^ (CEdemeridse). In that genus the head is not constricted behind, but fits directly into the prothorax, whereas in Trichananca the head is siiarply con- stricted behind, forming a very distinct neck, which, however, is to a great extent sunk in the protliorax. The relation between the head and prothorax in Trichananca is remarkably similar to that in Tomoderus compresstcollis, Motsch. This character was correctly recognized by Lea in his description ot Lemodes corticalis. XVIII. — Notes on S. American Leporidae. By Oldfield Thomas. (Published by permissiou of the Trustees of the British Museum.) (1) The Small " Tapeti " of Rio Janeiro. In common with other author?, I have hitherto taken the small liio Janeiro hare as being Linne's Lepus hras'diensis, pending the identification of an exact locality for the latter. Now, however, that, in the course of my studies on the ' Systema Naturse,^ Pernarabuco has been fixed as the type locality of L. hrasiliensis *, a renewed examination of the Eastern Brazilian hares is needed. Among the several series of hares obtained by A. Robert in Brazil is a set of nine specimens from Lamarrio, Baliia, a locality on the railway that runs north-westwards from the town of Bahia, and therefore not so very far from Pernam- buco. For the moment, therefore, these may be treated as true L. brasiliensis. This animal, while slightly smaller than my '^ L.mmensis" from the Rio Joidao, is undoubtedly of the same group (skull about 70 mm. in total length), and I am now of opinion that the forms which have been termed minensis * P. Z. S. 1911, p. 146. Pallas's Lepus tapeti, being equally based on Mai-cgprave's Tapeti, is an absolute synonym of 6". brasiliensis. 210 Mr. O. Thomas on chapodetist's, and paraguensis should all be considered as subspecies of hrasiUensis, while an additional subspecies from Peru is described below. But the little hare of Rio Janeiro, hitherto taken for hrasiliensis, is certainly an entirely different species, and may be called Sylvilagus tajietillus, sp. n. Size exceedingly small, skull little larger than that of the smallest N. American hares. General coloration dark, strongly contrasted. Light rings on dorsal hairs buffy, little lighter on sides. Light nostril patch large, white, conspicuous ; cheeks blackish. Superciliary streak broad, strongly marked. Ears rather long for this group, their proectote grizzled taw^ny basally, black terminally. Nuchal patch dark rufous. Fore feet pale tawny ; hind feet mixed cvi.vnj UUU WtllLlSu. Skull small, slender, witu luirmw muzzle. Postorbital processes slender, anchylosed terminally to the skull in the type, and merely leaving a narrow foramen about 2 mm. in length. Palatal foramina narrow. Bullae rather small. Teeth with the approximated enamel walls of the cjuterior and posterior laminse less strongly crenulated than usual ; anterior premolar with only three convex loops of enamel anteriorly. Dimensions of the type (measured on the badly prepared skin) : — Head and body 295 mm. ; hind foot 70 ; ear 46 (dry). Skull : greatest length 61 ; condylo-incisive length 55 ; zygomatic breadth 32-5 ; nasals, length 24, breadth ante- riorly 8-3, posteriorly 11'7 ; iuterorbital breadth (on ridges, not at notch) 14'6 ; breadth of brain-case 24-3 ; palatal foramina 14*5x5 ; breadth of palatal bridge 7 ; upper tooth- series (alveoli) 13. Hab. Rio Janeiro. Type from Porto Real, near Rezende. Ti/pe. Old specimen, sex indeterminable. B.M. no. 92. 11. 24. 3. Collected by L. Hardy de Dreneuf. This little hare is readily distinguishable from all the members of the Sylvilagus hrasiliensis group by its much smaller size. Its distribution would seem to be limited to the near neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro. (2) The Haee of Eastern Peru. Sylvilagus hrasiliensis inca, subsp. n. A dark strongly coloured race of hrasiliensis. ISize and general characters as in S. hrasiliensis ; colour S. American LcporiJae. 211 much darker than in any of tho otlier races, and especially darker tlian in tlie nearest one geographically, the pale S. b. chapadiv. Back heavily overlaid with black, the light rings strong buffy, jjaler on sides. Under surface greyisii white. Chill and nostril patches pure white. Crown mixed tawny and black. Superciliary streak cream-buff, strongly contrasted. Cheeks heavily blackened. Ears with the basal halves of their proectote strongly tawny, the terminal halves blackish. Nuchal patch large, rich ta^vny. Hands and feet pale tawny above. Tail dull buffy basally, the end smoky brown above, dull buffy below. Skull about as in brasUiensia, the tip of the muzzle narrow and pointed, the postorbital processes rather slender, the palatal foramina narrow, and the bullae inconspicuously smaller than in the eastern races. Dimensions of the type (measured on the skin) :— ' Head and body 365 mm, ; hind foot 75 ; ear 40. Skull : greatest length 70 ; condylo-incisive length 61'7; zygomatic breadth 35 ; nasals, length 27, breadth ante- riorly 8, posteriorly 13"7 ; interorbital breadth on ridges 17 ; intertemporal breadth l-4'3 ; breadth of brain-case 26 ; palatal foramina 19 X 6'3 ; upper tooth-series (alveoli) 14. Ilab. Marcapata, E. Peru. Type from Cadena. Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 4. 12. 4. 15. Collected in 1902 by J. Kalinowski. Received in exchange from the Branicki Museum, AVarsaw. Three specimens. This Peruvian race of the Brazilian hare is readily dis- tinguishable by its dark strongly contrasted colours. i'orms referable to what I should consider S. brasiliensis in the broad sense range over the southern half of Brazil, and westwards to Peru. Northwards they range into Colombia, and will probably be found to intergrade with S. gabbi. Then on the north coast and islands of Colombia and Venezuela there occurs S. cumanicus, from which, with topotypes of both before me, I scarcely think S. margaritce and superciliaris can be distinguished. S. orinoci, however, is a more isolated form, tending again towards S. brasiliensis. The Andean hares, iy. meridensisf ajidinus, and their allies, form another group, very different looking externally, but really essentially related to the rest. Finally, the black- naped hares of Maracaibo and Oruba Island, N. Venezuela (6'. nigronuchalis and its rather dubious subspecies continentis) , are the most obviously different from the rest of all the S. American Leporidte. :;ii Mr. O. Thonms on (^) The Mountain Harks of the Srirndous AsriNua Guorr. I ot hare;?, or, as Amerionns call tlicm, ralibit.", fr. nt parts ot Ecuador nml N. Peru have loDg l>ot'ii in ' -h Museuiii under tlio name ot i^ylvUntjns aniiimtii (L^ . .> .. ..uHuSj Thod., 1{ts (obtained by \V. Rosenberg) ah - .- - . - -, .v:imeii> ;ui' fi>>in the collection of the late P. O. Simons. Examples referable to true o/. umis^ rtcognizable by its lar'j>' rut'U* nape-patch, which ahwiys extends beyond the and may reach the witheis, are in the Oayambe, N.E. of Quito ; Guaillabambn, near Kiobamba ; the Paramos £. of Riobamba ; and Telagua in T... ,e Bolivar. from the neighbourhood of Mt. Chimborazo we get Sylcilagus andinus chimbanus, subsp. n. All essential characters as in true andinus, but the rufous nape-patch mnch reduced in size, so that no part of it shows W\ ' * ends of the ears when laid back. Ears averaging la: _ ;r than in andinus; the region b.'tween tiicir anterior Laaes and the ty^i more prominently greyish (grey no. C) than in the allied form. Upper surface of teet generally quite white. Itimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) : — H -ad and bxJy 335 mm. ; tail 20 ; hind foot G5 ; ear b'). »5kul! : L'Tcatest length 67 ; condylu-incisive length 61 ; zy, t>riadtli 32*8 ; palatal foramina IG'3 ; breadth of pai• .y.i ige 6'C. JJah. Binche, Upper Rio f'himbo, just north of Guabanda, Ecuador. Alt. 4000 m. 7>/>«. Adult female. li.M. no. 99. 9. 9. 1 11. Original number 14C. Collected 20lh December, 1893, by P. O. Simon.'). Presented by Oldtield Thomas. Five specirnenH. Tiii-t ii probably the form inhabiting 3Iount Unimborazo, near the western slopes of which Sinche (3200 ni.) is situated. li 3JL ^ ^ ^ III£: SBBl. OSiT 2£ 214 Mr. 0. Thomas on greyish as in andinus ; terminal half blackish ; hairs of metentote wliitish, those along the edge tinged with pale tawny. Nuchal patch large, as in true andinus, dull tawny. Upper surface of hands and feet tawny whitish. Skull very flat in frontal region ; postorbital processes slender, the notch behind them equally narrow throughout. Palatal foramina widely open, tlieir edges rounded. Bulloa much smaller than those of andinus, scarcely inflated, little exceeding those of S. surdaster. Upper incisors more bent downwards and inwards^ so as to be practically invisible from above. Dimensions of the type (measured in flesh) : — Head and body 350 mm. ; tail 20; hind foot 75 ; ear 55. Skull : greatest length 68'3 ; condylo-incisive length 62 ; zygomatic breadth 33*5 ; nasals 26x13*8; palatal foramina 17 X 7 ; breadth of palatal bridge 7 ; upper tooth-row (alveoli) 13. Hah. Sau Pablo, Cajamarca, Pacific slope of N. Peru. Alt. 2000 m. Type. Adult female. P.M. no. 0. 3. 15. 29. Original number 718. Collected 8th November, 1899, by P. O. Simons. In its paler colour, as compared with the saturate S. andinus, this rabbit shows the influence of the dry climate of the coast o£ N.W. Peru. It shows some relation- ship to the members of the S. hrasiliensis group by its sides being paler than the back, by its light superciliary streak, and by the inclination to tawny on the bases of the ears. Its skull is recognizable by its small bullse and the unusually slight projection forward of the incisors. XIX. — Four new Shreivs. By Oldfield Thomas. (PuUished by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) Sorex hatis, sp. n. A large dark-coloured shrew, without tricolor pattern. Size about as in the larger races of S. araneus. General colour dark, without any trace of the " tricolor pattern " so characteristic of S. araneus; upper surface either blackish slate or sepia-brown, some specimens of the series all of the one colour, some of the otiier, and some half one and half the Four new Shrews. 215 otlier ; sides quite similar to back; under surface almost equally dark. Hands and feet pale brown. Tail rather longer than is usual in S. araneus, dark brown above, rather paler below. Skull of about the size of that of S. araneus, but distin- guishable by the much broadened lateral wings of the brain- case, which project out on each side conspicuously more than in araneus, and considerably alter the relative proportions of the breadth to the height and length. Teeth. — First incisor shorter than in araneus, its horizontal length going nearly twice in the distance from its hinder edge to the front of j9*, that of araneus only going about once and a half; the posterior cusp more pointed, narrower antero-posteriorly, less of a broadened blade, its antero- posterior and transverse diameters approximately equal. As a consequence of the smaller size of i^, the distance from the front of i^ to the front of p^ is markedly less than in S. araneus, while the size of the molariform teeth is exactly the same. \_S. araneus tetragonurus, the large Central and S.E. Euro- pean form, has been used in this comparison ; many of the other races are smaller, while that described below is larger, but the relative proportions are much the same in all.] Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) : — Head and body 75 mm. ; tail 52; hind foot 13 ; ear 6. Skull : condylo-basal length 19"5 ; greatest breadth 10*2 ; height of brain-case from basiou 5*4; upper tooth-series S'O; front of p* to back of m- 4*2. In no. 6. 3. 6. 211, an old male, the brain-case breadth is 10*5 mm., with a condylo-basal length of 19*5. Hah. Trebizond region, north-eastern Asia Minor; type from Sumela, 30 miles S. of Trebizond. Alt. 1000-1300 m. Fifteen specimens. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 6. 3. 6. 18. Original number 2024. Collected 12th October, 1905, by A. Robert. Presented by Oldfield Thomas, The absence of the tricolor pattern, the expanded brain- case, and the peculiar first incisor will readily distinguish this well-marked species. Sorex batis is the " larger longer-tailed form from Asia Minor" mentioned under S. araneus santonus by Miller (Cat. Mamm. VV. Eur. p. 40, 1912). It had not been defi- nitely determined at the time Mr. Miller was doing his work on the group. 216 Mr. 0. Thomas on Sorex araneus peucintus, subsp. n. Nearest to S. a. tetragonurus, but still larger. Colour dark. Size very large, the largest o£ the shrews referable to S. araneus. Upper surface slaty blackish, sides indistinctly brownish, tlie tricolor pattern present though not conspicuous. Under surface brownish, much darker than is usual in tetra- gotmnts, tliough nearly equalled by some Italian specimens of that race. Hands and feet pale brown. Tail of average length, decidedly shorter than in S. hatis. Skull and teeth essentially as in S. araneus, but exceeding in size those of any other of the European races; the molar teeth are especially larger than is usual in araneus, for while the distance from the front of p'^ to back of m^ (a very exact and definite measurement which can be taken with great accuracy) is 4*3 in all of the largest specimens of aratieus, which measure 20 mm. in condylo-basal length, it is 4*6 in the present animal. Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) : — Head and body 80 mm. ; tail 43 ; hind foot 15 ; ear 7. Skull: condylo-basal length 20-5; greatest breadth 10; hei<'-ht of briiiii-case from basion 5'6 ; upper tooth-series 9; front of p^ to back of in'^ 4'G. Hab. Swamp region of the Delta of the Danube, Do- brudscha; type from Ciatal. Tgpe. Old female. B.M. no. 12. 12. 17. 9. Original number 78. Collected 14th October, 1912, by A. Rettig. Presented by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild. This shrew, from the swamps of the Danube Delta, is distinguishable from S. a. tetragonurus, the form found in the mountain regions of Central and Southern Europe, by its dusky belly and large size. Its hind foot (15 mm.) sur- passe's that of any Sorex mentioned in Miller's Catalogue, where nearly 1000 specimens are recorded as examined. Soriculus fumidus , sp. n. A dark species with a short tail. Size about as in S. sacratus. General colour dark smoky blackish, darker than in typical adult S. sacratus, but similar to some which are probably in a darker or juvenile stage ; probably the insular species is always normally dark. Under surface scarcely lighter than upper. Hands and feet brown,' the dioits lighter. Tail decidedly shorter than head and body, well haired, dark brown, little lighter below. Four new Shrewa. 217 Skull on the whole similar to that of S. sacratus, but rather broader and the brain-case more angularly expanded. ]5asisphenoid region of the comparatively simple structure found in the large S. nic/rescens, with but little trace of tlie lateral fosun